Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are released by nearly all types of cells, and they communicate between cells by transporting bioactive molecules, including proteins, DNA, RNA, and lipids. In recent years, RNA carried by EVs, particularly the long-chain non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and circular RNA (circRNA) subtypes, has garnered interest with respect to their role in controlling tumor progression. Among them, there are increasing reports that mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) maintain a recently discovered function as transporters of lncRNAs and circRNAs. However, detailed molecular functions of lncRNAs and circRNAs contained in MSC-EVs are not presently summarized, and the efficacy of MSC-EVs as molecular carriers requires further elucidation. This review summarizes the biological characteristics of EVs and the common mechanisms of lncRNAs and circRNAs contained within them. The “double-edged sword” effect and related molecular mechanism of EV-derived lncRNAs (EV-lncRNAs) and circRNAs (EV-circRNAs) between differing tumor types and MSCs are highlighted. The potential of MSC-EVs in the field of tumor diagnosis and treatment is discussed to suggest new directions for the strategy of engineering MSC-EVs as anti-tumor drug carriers.
细胞外囊泡（EVs）由几乎所有类型的细胞释放，通过运输包括蛋白质、DNA、RNA和脂质在内的生物活性分子在细胞间进行通讯。近年来，EVs携带的RNA，特别是长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）和环状RNA（circRNA）亚型，在调控肿瘤进展中的作用引起了广泛关注。其中，越来越多的报道指出，间充质干细胞来源的细胞外囊泡（MSC-EVs）具有作为lncRNAs和circRNAs转运载体的新近发现的功能。然而，目前对MSC-EVs中所含lncRNAs和circRNAs的具体分子功能尚未有系统总结，且MSC-EVs作为分子载体的效能仍需进一步阐明。本综述总结了EVs的生物学特性及其所含lncRNAs和circRNAs的常见作用机制，重点阐述了不同肿瘤类型与间充质干细胞之间EV来源的lncRNAs（EV-lncRNAs）和circRNAs（EV-circRNAs）的“双刃剑”效应及相关分子机制。通过探讨MSC-EVs在肿瘤诊断与治疗领域的潜力，为将工程化MSC-EVs作为抗肿瘤药物载体的策略提供新的研究方向。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家