Despite numerous studies, colon cancer is still one of the leading cancers in the world, both in terms of incidence and mortality. One of the most important methods of monitoring and studying changes in cancer is the use of biomarkers in the form of microRNA. Their remarkable stability and detectability in body fluids make them promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. This review highlights selected deregulated miRNAs in colorectal cancer, including miR-21, miR-29b, miR-148a, miR-149, miR-155, miR-194, and miR-200b and lesser known ones such as miR-6803-5p or miR-4772-3p. Deregulation of their expression in colon cancer is associated with abnormal cell proliferation, migration, changes in the microenvironment or response to treatment, caused by their involvement in such pathways as Wnt/β-catenin, PI3K/Akt or EGFR. Additionally, we explore their therapeutic potential, particularly their ability to enhance tumour sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents like 5-FU and oxaliplatin. The purpose of this review is to emphasize the growing relevance of miRNAs as both non-invasive diagnostic tools and potential therapeutic targets in colorectal cancer management.
尽管已有大量研究，结肠癌在全球范围内的发病率和死亡率仍位居癌症前列。监测和研究癌症变化最重要的方法之一是使用微小RNA形式的生物标志物。它们在体液中具有显著的稳定性和可检测性，使其成为极具前景的诊断和预后生物标志物。本综述重点探讨了结直肠癌中部分表达失调的miRNA，包括miR-21、miR-29b、miR-148a、miR-149、miR-155、miR-194和miR-200b，以及如miR-6803-5p或miR-4772-3p等较不为人知的miRNA。这些miRNA在结肠癌中的表达失调与细胞异常增殖、迁移、微环境改变或治疗反应相关，其作用机制涉及Wnt/β-catenin、PI3K/Akt或EGFR等信号通路。此外，我们还探讨了它们的治疗潜力，特别是其增强肿瘤对5-FU和奥沙利铂等化疗药物敏感性的能力。本综述旨在强调miRNA作为非侵入性诊断工具和潜在治疗靶点，在结直肠癌诊疗中日益增长的重要性。
Diagnostic and Therapeutic Potential of Selected microRNAs in Colorectal Cancer: A Literature Review
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家