Background/Objectives:Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with radiolabeled amino acids is increasingly used in glioma patients for biopsy planning, tumor delineation, prognostication, and therapy response assessment. This study investigated whether baseline amino acid PET imaging could identify regions at risk of future tumor recurrence.Methods:Retrospective case series of 14 patients with high-grade glioma. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data of tumor recurrence and baseline imaging (PET-MRI) were co-registered. Volumes of interest (VOIs) of the high-grade glioma were derived from contrast-enhanced MRI at baseline and follow-up and from amino acid PET at baseline. The Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) was used to assess the overlap between VOIs. Furthermore, dynamic and static PET parameters were compared between the VOIs derived from contrast-enhanced MRI at follow-up and from the region of increased amino acid transport at baseline.Results:Regions of tumor recurrence in high-grade glioma patients overlap significantly more with baseline regions of increased amino acid transport on PET compared to regions of contrast enhancement on baseline MRI (p< 0.001). However, the static and dynamic PET statistics did not differentiate between regions that would later develop tumor recurrence and other areas of increased amino acid transport at baseline.Conclusions:These findings reaffirm the ability of amino acid PET to visualize the infiltrative components of gliomas not detected by contrast-enhanced MRI. Also, this study supports the role of amino acid PET in visualizing glioma infiltration beyond the MRI-visible tumor, but also indicates that accurately predicting the specific regions of recurrence based on baseline PET remains limited.
背景/目的：放射性标记氨基酸正电子发射断层扫描（PET）成像在胶质瘤患者的活检规划、肿瘤勾画、预后评估及治疗反应监测中应用日益广泛。本研究旨在探讨基线期氨基酸PET成像能否识别未来肿瘤复发的高风险区域。方法：回顾性分析14例高级别胶质瘤患者的病例资料。将肿瘤复发时的对比增强磁共振成像（MRI）数据与基线期PET-MRI影像进行配准。分别基于基线期和随访期的对比增强MRI以及基线期氨基酸PET图像勾画高级别胶质瘤的感兴趣体积。采用Dice相似系数评估不同感兴趣体积间的空间重叠度。此外，比较随访期对比增强MRI确定的肿瘤复发区域与基线期氨基酸转运增高区域的动态及静态PET参数差异。结果：与基线期MRI对比增强区域相比，高级别胶质瘤患者的肿瘤复发区域与基线期PET显示的氨基酸转运增高区域存在显著更高的空间重叠度（p<0.001）。然而，静态与动态PET参数在后续发生肿瘤复发的区域与基线期其他氨基酸转运增高区域之间未显示出统计学差异。结论：本研究证实了氨基酸PET能够显影对比增强MRI无法检测的胶质瘤浸润成分，支持其在显示MRI可见肿瘤范围外浸润区域中的价值，但同时也表明基于基线PET精确预测具体复发区域的能力仍有限。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家