Lung cancer ranks among the most prevalent malignant tumors, characterized by delayed diagnosis, limited treatment efficacy, and generally poor prognosis. Consequently, there is an urgent demand for effective treatments. Neoantigen-based immunotherapy emerged as a promising strategy in lung cancer treatment as ideal targets for immunotherapy interventions. Neoantigens are tumor-specific antigens produced by genetic mutations in somatic cells, which, unlike tumor-associated antigens, are found only in tumor tissue. Neoantigen immunotherapy has the advantages of high specificity, high safety and low immunotolerance, especially for lung cancer patients with a high tumor mutation load. We systematically summarize the biological characteristics, prediction and identification, mechanism of action, clinical application, risk challenges, and prospects of neoantigens as a novel precision immunotherapy method in lung cancer to provide valuable insights and references for the advancement of lung cancer treatment strategies.
肺癌作为最常见的恶性肿瘤之一，具有诊断延迟、治疗效果有限及预后普遍较差的特点，因此迫切需要有效的治疗方法。基于新抗原的免疫疗法作为肺癌治疗的一种新兴策略，已成为免疫干预的理想靶点。新抗原是由体细胞基因突变产生的肿瘤特异性抗原，与肿瘤相关抗原不同，其仅存在于肿瘤组织中。新抗原免疫疗法具有特异性高、安全性强及免疫耐受性低等优势，尤其适用于肿瘤突变负荷较高的肺癌患者。本文系统总结了新抗原作为新型精准免疫疗法在肺癌中的生物学特征、预测与鉴定方法、作用机制、临床应用、风险挑战及发展前景，以期为肺癌治疗策略的进步提供有价值的见解和参考。
Neoantigen-Based Immunotherapy in Lung Cancer: Advances, Challenges and Prospects
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家