Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related death in the US and worldwide. Recent advances in molecular profiling and targeted therapies have revolutionized the management of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), particularly in oncogene-driven subtypes. These therapies selectively target key molecular alterations inEGFR,ALK,KRAS,ROS1,MET,RET,ERBB2(HER2),BRAF V600E, andNTRK, resulting in substantial improvements in survival rates and quality of life for lung cancer patients. However, disparities in molecular diagnostics and precision treatments persist, disproportionately affecting minority patients. These inequities include underrepresentation in clinical trials, disparities in molecular testing, and barriers to treatment access. The limited participation of racial and ethnic minorities in landmark clinical trials raises concerns about the generalizability of findings and their applicability to diverse populations. In this review, we examine the current landscape of molecular diagnosis and precision medicine in minority patients with oncogene-driven lung cancer, highlighting challenges, opportunities, and future directions for achieving equity in precision oncology. Additionally, we discuss differences in the prevalence of oncologic driver mutations across populations and emphasize the urgent need for greater diversity in clinical research. Addressing these gaps is critical to improving survival outcomes and ensuring equitable access to personalized lung cancer care for all patients.
肺癌仍是美国和全球范围内癌症相关死亡的首要原因。分子谱分析和靶向治疗的最新进展彻底改变了非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）的治疗模式，特别是在致癌基因驱动亚型中。这些疗法选择性靶向EGFR、ALK、KRAS、ROS1、MET、RET、ERBB2（HER2）、BRAF V600E和NTRK等关键分子变异，显著提升了肺癌患者的生存率和生活质量。然而，分子诊断与精准治疗领域仍存在显著差异，少数族裔患者受到的影响尤为突出。这些不平等现象包括临床试验代表性不足、分子检测差异以及治疗可及性障碍。少数种族和族裔群体在关键临床试验中的有限参与，引发了关于研究结果普适性及其在不同人群中适用性的担忧。本综述探讨了致癌基因驱动型肺癌少数族裔患者分子诊断与精准医学的现状，重点分析了实现精准肿瘤学公平性面临的挑战、机遇与未来方向。此外，我们讨论了不同人群间致癌驱动基因突变流行率的差异，并强调临床研究亟需增强多样性。解决这些差距对于改善患者生存结局、确保所有患者公平获得个性化肺癌诊疗至关重要。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家