With the morbidity of cancer currently on a perpetual rise, there is a critical need for new treatment options. Current therapeutic options, such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, are frequently employed; however, the high rate of recurrence underscores the incomplete understanding of tumour growth, progression, and the intricacies of their microenvironments. In this study, we review the roles that galectin-1 (Gal1) plays in suppressing immune surveillance in the tumour microenvironment. Studies have shown that Gal1 changes the immune system parameters: suppressing T cell function, sensitising resting T lymphocytes to Fas/FasL, decreasing cell proliferation, reducing adhesion to extracellular matrix, inhibiting Th1 cytokines, increasing M2 phenotype macrophages, and promoting angiogenesis. Gal1 has garnered increasing attention as a potential therapeutic target due to its involvement in tumour progression and immune evasion. Given the limitations and toxic side effects associated with current treatment options, alternative strategies targeting Gal1 have been explored for their therapeutic potential. Approaches such as OTX008, anti-Gal1 monoclonal antibodies, and Gal1-targeted vaccines have demonstrated the ability to downregulate tumour progression by inhibiting Gal1 activity. These findings highlight the therapeutic promise of Gal1 not only as a novel target for cancer therapy but also as a potential prognostic biomarker, offering opportunities for the development of more effective and less toxic treatment strategies.
随着癌症发病率持续攀升，开发新型治疗方案的需求日益迫切。当前临床常用的化疗与放疗等手段虽广泛应用，但肿瘤复发率居高不下，反映出对肿瘤生长机制、演进过程及其微环境复杂性的认知尚不全面。本研究系统综述了半乳糖凝集素-1（Gal1）在肿瘤微环境中抑制免疫监视的作用机制。研究表明，Gal1通过多重途径改变免疫系统参数：抑制T细胞功能、增强静息T淋巴细胞对Fas/FasL的敏感性、降低细胞增殖能力、减弱细胞外基质黏附、抑制Th1型细胞因子分泌、促进M2型巨噬细胞极化及诱导血管生成。因其在肿瘤进展和免疫逃逸中的关键作用，Gal1作为潜在治疗靶点日益受到关注。鉴于现有治疗手段存在局限性和毒副作用，针对Gal1的替代治疗策略展现出广阔前景。OTX008、抗Gal1单克隆抗体及Gal1靶向疫苗等干预手段已证实可通过抑制Gal1活性下调肿瘤进展。这些发现不仅揭示了Gal1作为新型癌症治疗靶点的临床价值，同时提示其作为预后生物标志物的潜力，为开发更高效低毒的治疗策略提供了新方向。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家