文章：

溶瘤病毒作为结直肠癌新型治疗策略：机制、当前进展与未来方向

Oncolytic Viruses as a Novel Therapeutic Approach for Colorectal Cancer: Mechanisms, Current Advances, and Future Directions

原文发布日期：31 May 2025

DOI: 10.3390/cancers17111854

类型: Article

开放获取: 是

英文摘要：

This review provides an updated overview of oncolytic virotherapy as a promising therapeutic strategy for colorectal cancer (CRC), focusing on six key viral platforms: adenovirus, herpes simplex virus (HSV), reovirus, vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), vaccinia virus (VV), and measles virus (MV). These viruses exhibit tumor-selective replication and exert their effects through mechanisms such as direct oncolysis, the delivery of immunostimulatory genes (e.g., IL-12, IL-15, GM-CSF), the activation of innate and adaptive immune responses, and the remodeling of the tumor microenvironment. Preclinical and early clinical studies suggest that oncolytic viruses can enhance the efficacy of existing treatments, particularly in immunologically “cold” tumors such as microsatellite stable CRC, when used in combination with chemotherapy or immune checkpoint inhibitors. Despite encouraging results, several challenges remain, including antiviral immune clearance, tumor heterogeneity, and limitations in systemic delivery. Current research focuses on improving viral engineering, enhancing tumor targeting, and designing combinatorial strategies to overcome resistance and maximize clinical benefits. Overall, oncolytic viruses represent a versatile and evolving therapeutic class with the potential to address unmet clinical needs in CRC.

摘要翻译： 

本综述对溶瘤病毒疗法作为结直肠癌（CRC）一种前景广阔的治疗策略提供了最新概述，重点聚焦于六大病毒平台：腺病毒、单纯疱疹病毒（HSV）、呼肠孤病毒、水疱性口炎病毒（VSV）、痘苗病毒（VV）和麻疹病毒（MV）。这些病毒具有肿瘤选择性复制能力，其作用机制包括直接溶瘤、递送免疫刺激基因（如IL-12、IL-15、GM-CSF）、激活先天性与适应性免疫应答以及重塑肿瘤微环境。临床前及早期临床研究表明，当溶瘤病毒与化疗或免疫检查点抑制剂联合使用时，可增强现有疗法的疗效，特别是在微卫星稳定型CRC等免疫“冷”肿瘤中。尽管已取得鼓舞人心的成果，但仍面临诸多挑战，包括抗病毒免疫清除、肿瘤异质性以及全身递送系统的局限性。当前研究重点在于改进病毒工程技术、增强肿瘤靶向能力，并设计联合策略以克服耐药性并最大化临床获益。总体而言，溶瘤病毒代表了一类多功能且不断发展的治疗手段，有望满足结直肠癌领域尚未满足的临床需求。

原文链接：

Oncolytic Viruses as a Novel Therapeutic Approach for Colorectal Cancer: Mechanisms, Current Advances, and Future Directions