Background/Objectives: Long-term outcome data of locally advanced basal cell carcinoma patients who achieve complete response (CR) on hedgehog pathway inhibitors (HHIs) are lacking, highlighting a gap in the identification of the predictors of tumor recurrence. We aimed to investigate the clinical and histological factors associated with locally advanced BCC recurrence after CR on HHIs.Patients and methods: We performed a retrospective multicenter observational study at 14 Italian tertiary referral centers (1 January 2016–1 March 2024). Univariate logistic regression was used to investigate the association between locally advanced BCC recurrence and clinical and histological features. Kaplan–Meier analysis was used to estimate relapse-free survival (RFS).Results: A total of 106 locally advanced BCC patients were enrolled, of whom 14/106 (13.2%) experienced relapse after a median follow-up of 12 months (range: 1–70 months). Low-risk locally advanced BCC histological subtypes (superficial and nodular) were associated with a decreased probability of locally advanced BCC recurrence (odds ratio [OR]: 0.15, 95% CI: 0.04–0.51;p: 0.003); a longer time to CR predicted locally advanced BCC relapse (OR: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.01–1.15;p: 0.04). Accordingly, locally advanced BCC histology and time to CR significantly impacted RFS probability.Conclusions: Specific locally advanced BCC histological subtypes and time to CR predict tumor recurrence after CR on HHIs.
背景/目的：目前缺乏关于局部晚期基底细胞癌患者在使用刺猬通路抑制剂治疗后获得完全缓解的长期结局数据，这凸显了在识别肿瘤复发预测因素方面存在空白。本研究旨在探讨与局部晚期基底细胞癌在刺猬通路抑制剂治疗后获得完全缓解后复发相关的临床及组织学因素。 患者与方法：我们在意大利14家三级转诊中心开展了一项回顾性多中心观察性研究（研究时间范围：2016年1月1日至2024年3月1日）。采用单因素逻辑回归分析局部晚期基底细胞癌复发与临床及组织学特征之间的关联，并使用Kaplan-Meier分析法评估无复发生存期。 结果：共纳入106例局部晚期基底细胞癌患者，其中14例（13.2%）在中位随访12个月（范围：1-70个月）后出现复发。低危组织学亚型（浅表型和结节型）与局部晚期基底细胞癌复发概率降低相关（比值比：0.15，95%置信区间：0.04-0.51；p=0.003）；而获得完全缓解所需时间较长可预测局部晚期基底细胞癌复发（比值比：1.07，95%置信区间：1.01-1.15；p=0.04）。相应地，局部晚期基底细胞癌组织学类型和获得完全缓解所需时间显著影响无复发生存概率。 结论：特定的局部晚期基底细胞癌组织学亚型及获得完全缓解所需时间可预测刺猬通路抑制剂治疗后完全缓解患者的肿瘤复发情况。
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