Background/Objectives: Lung cancer is the second most prevalent cancer in the general population and the third most prevalent among women. STAS (Spread Through Air Spaces) is a term used in pathology, particularly in lung cancer. It refers to the spread of tumor cells through air spaces in the lung tissue. The aim of this study was to evaluate the utility of STAS as a predictive and prognostic factor, as well as to assess the impact of STAS detection on subsequent surgical and pharmacological treatment decisions. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed on PubMed, PMC, and Google Scholar between June and September 2024. Search terms included ‘STAS’, ‘lung cancer’, ‘NSCLC’, ‘SCLC’, ‘PET and STAS’, ‘histopathological STAS’, ‘treatment methods for STAS’, and ‘STAS prognosis’. A diverse range of study designs was included in our analysis—encompassing meta-analyses, case-control studies, literature reviews, cross-sectional studies, and prospective longitudinal studies. Results: Lobectomy remains standard, whereas sublobar resection significantly increases recurrence risk in STAS-positive patients. CT, PET/CT, and frozen section analysis offer emerging, reliable predictive markers, supporting optimized treatment selection; however, histopathological examination continues to serve as the standard method for confirming STAS. Conclusions: One of the most significant limitations of our work is the limited number of available studies addressing the topic of STAS, which is the reason why statistical analysis was not provided. To conclude, the presence of STAS is identified as a negative prognostic factor amongst patients with NSCLC; however further research is needed to establish specific treatment guidelines when STAS is identified.
背景/目的：肺癌在普通人群中是第二大常见癌症，在女性中位列第三。气腔播散（STAS）是病理学领域特别是肺癌诊断中的专业术语，指肿瘤细胞通过肺组织内气腔扩散的现象。本研究旨在评估STAS作为预测与预后因素的临床价值，并探讨其检测结果对后续手术及药物治疗决策的影响。方法：于2024年6月至9月期间系统检索PubMed、PMC及Google Scholar数据库，检索词包括"STAS"、"肺癌"、"非小细胞肺癌"、"小细胞肺癌"、"PET与STAS"、"STAS组织病理学"、"STAS治疗方法"及"STAS预后"。研究纳入多种设计类型，涵盖荟萃分析、病例对照研究、文献综述、横断面研究及前瞻性纵向研究。结果：肺叶切除术仍是标准治疗方案，而亚肺叶切除术会显著增加STAS阳性患者的复发风险。CT、PET/CT及冰冻切片分析作为新兴的可靠预测指标，有助于优化治疗方案选择；但组织病理学检查仍是确认STAS的金标准。结论：本研究最主要的局限在于当前针对STAS主题的可用研究数量有限，故未能进行统计分析。总体而言，STAS的存在被确认为非小细胞肺癌患者的负面预后因素，但针对STAS阳性病例制定具体治疗指南仍需进一步深入研究。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家