Pain is a complex and burdensome symptom frequently experienced by oncological patients. Despite increased attention from healthcare providers and novel approaches, pain remains undertreated and prevalent in this patient population. Programs of patient education about pain (pain education, PE) have been proposed as a potential method to enhance pain management. However, the effectiveness of such programs and their impact on pain relief have shown variable results across studies. In this narrative review, we analyzed existing systematic reviews and meta-analyses on PE in oncological patients. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library databases, following established guidelines. Studies meeting the selection criteria were selected and analyzed to evaluate the effectiveness of PE interventions. A total of nine publications, comprising six systematic reviews and three meta-analyses, were included. Across various clinical settings (inpatient and outpatient), the impact of pain education (PE) on pain intensity showed considerable variability: some reviews reported significant reductions, while others observed minimal or no effects. In contrast, PE consistently improved patients’ knowledge about pain and adherence to medication. However, the available evidence did not demonstrate significant improvements in quality of life. The observed heterogeneity in the results of pain relief outcomes could be attributed to the various types of pain analyzed and the diversity of clinical settings evaluated. Furthermore, differences in study designs, comprising the inclusion of non-randomized studies, contributed to the variability in findings. It remains unclear whether the effectiveness of PE is solely attributed to the educational content or if the attention provided to patients during the intervention partly explains the effect.
疼痛是肿瘤患者常见的一种复杂且沉重的症状。尽管医疗提供者对此给予了更多关注并采取了新的治疗方法，但疼痛在这一患者群体中仍未得到充分治疗且普遍存在。患者疼痛教育项目（疼痛教育，PE）已被提出作为改善疼痛管理的潜在方法。然而，此类项目的有效性及其对疼痛缓解的影响在不同研究中显示出不一致的结果。在本叙述性综述中，我们分析了关于肿瘤患者疼痛教育的现有系统综述和荟萃分析。遵循既定指南，使用PubMed、Scopus和Cochrane图书馆数据库进行了全面的文献检索。符合选择标准的研究被筛选并分析，以评估疼痛教育干预措施的有效性。共纳入九篇出版物，包括六篇系统综述和三篇荟萃分析。在不同的临床环境（住院和门诊）中，疼痛教育对疼痛强度的影响显示出相当大的变异性：一些综述报告了显著降低，而另一些则观察到最小或没有效果。相比之下，疼痛教育一致地提高了患者对疼痛的认知和用药依从性。然而，现有证据并未显示生活质量有显著改善。疼痛缓解结果中观察到的异质性可能归因于所分析疼痛类型的多样性以及所评估临床环境的差异。此外，研究设计的差异，包括纳入非随机研究，也导致了研究结果的变异性。目前尚不清楚疼痛教育的有效性是否完全归因于教育内容，或者干预期间对患者的关注是否部分解释了其效果。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家