Background:PC has become a significant global health challenge, with incidence and mortality rates rising over the past three decades. While traditionally associated with aging, recent data indicate an increasing burden among younger populations. This study aims to analyze global trends in PC incidence and mortality and to identify key contributing factors, particularly modifiable risk factors such as obesity, diabetes, and smoking.Methods:Using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2021, population-based cancer registries globally and nationally, systematic reviews and analysis trends in PC incidence, mortality and survival were analyzed. To assess epidemiological shifts, we utilized previously published annual percentage change (AAPC) values stratified by region, age group, and sex, as reported in the cited literature. Additionally, the influence of modifiable risk factors was evaluated to determine their contribution to rising incidence rates.Results:Between 1990 and 2021, the global incidence of PC increased by 8.9%, from 5.47 to 5.96 per 100,000, with the highest rates observed in high-Sociodemographic-Index (SDI) regions (10.00 per 100,000) and the lowest in low-SDI regions (1.59 per 100,000). Significant increases in incidence were noted in several countries, particularly among men in Iceland (AAPC 8.85) and women in Malta (AAPC 6.04). Early-onset PC is becoming more prevalent, especially among younger women. Modifiable risk factors, including obesity, diabetes, and smoking, play a critical role, with excess body weight contributing to 17.9% of PC cases and smoking to 13.9% in the United States (U.S.).Conclusions:The rising burden of PC, particularly among younger populations, highlights the need for targeted prevention strategies, early detection efforts, and further research into the underlying mechanisms driving these trends. Addressing modifiable risk factors could be key to mitigating the increasing incidence of this highly lethal cancer.
背景：胰腺癌已成为全球重大健康挑战，过去三十年间其发病率和死亡率持续上升。尽管传统上认为该疾病与老龄化相关，但最新数据显示年轻人群的疾病负担日益加重。本研究旨在分析全球胰腺癌发病率与死亡率的变化趋势，并识别关键影响因素，特别是肥胖、糖尿病和吸烟等可改变的风险因素。 方法：本研究基于2021年全球疾病负担研究数据、全球及各国基于人群的癌症登记数据，通过系统综述方法分析胰腺癌发病率、死亡率及生存率的趋势变化。为评估流行病学转变，我们采用已发表文献中按地区、年龄组和性别分层报告的年度百分比变化值进行分析。同时评估可改变风险因素的影响，以确定其对发病率上升的贡献程度。 结果：1990年至2021年间，全球胰腺癌发病率增长8.9%（从每10万人5.47例增至5.96例），其中高社会人口指数地区发病率最高（每10万人10.00例），低社会人口指数地区最低（每10万人1.59例）。多个国家出现显著增长，特别是冰岛男性（年度百分比变化值8.85）和马耳他女性（年度百分比变化值6.04）。早发性胰腺癌日益普遍，在年轻女性群体中尤为明显。可改变风险因素（包括肥胖、糖尿病和吸烟）影响显著：在美国，超重导致17.9%的胰腺癌病例，吸烟导致13.9%的病例。 结论：胰腺癌疾病负担的加重，特别是在年轻人群中的上升趋势，凸显了实施针对性预防策略、加强早期检测工作以及深入研究潜在驱动机制的必要性。控制可改变的风险因素可能是遏制这种高致死率癌症发病率上升的关键。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家