Background/Objectives: This population-based study examined epidemiological trends of primary cancers in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) to enhance the understanding of the specific spectrum of cancers impacting AYAs in Belgium.Methods: Data on incidence, prevalence, mortality, and survival were obtained from the Belgian Cancer Registry (2004–2020, N = 43,535). (A)APC statistics were compared with children (5–14 years) and adults (40–49 years).Results: Cancer incidence increased by 0.4% annually from 66 to 80 per 100,000 person-years (ESR2013) but stabilised after 2015, except for Hodgkin lymphoma, chronic myeloid neoplasms, and testicular and breast cancer, which continued to rise. Mortality decreased by 1% annually, from 10 to 7 per 100,000 person-years (2004–2019). Five-year relative survival (RS) was 87% but remained low for certain cancers, including ovary (78%), central nervous system (67%), precursor haematopoietic neoplasms (64%), gastrointestinal (excl. colorectal) (49%), and lung-bronchus-trachea cancers (42%).Conclusions: From 2004–2020, the cancer burden among AYAs in Belgium increased due to improved survival, while incidence stabilised after 2015. Five-year RS exceeds 80% overall but remains lower for some cancers compared to children (e.g., precursor haematopoietic neoplasms) or older adults (e.g., breast cancer, sarcoma). The Belgian epidemiological trends align with those in neighbouring countries (Netherlands, France, Germany).
背景/目的：本研究基于人群数据，旨在分析比利时青少年和年轻成人（AYAs）原发性癌症的流行病学趋势，以增进对该群体特定癌症谱系的理解。 方法：发病率、患病率、死亡率和生存率数据来源于比利时癌症登记处（2004–2020年，N = 43,535）。通过（平均）年度百分比变化（(A)APC）统计，将AYAs的数据与儿童（5–14岁）及成人（40–49岁）进行比较。 结果：癌症发病率从每10万人年66例上升至80例（2013年欧洲标准人口），年均增长0.4%，但2015年后趋于稳定；然而霍奇金淋巴瘤、慢性髓系肿瘤、睾丸癌和乳腺癌的发病率持续上升。死亡率从每10万人年10例降至7例（2004–2019年），年均下降1%。五年相对生存率为87%，但某些癌症的生存率仍较低，包括卵巢癌（78%）、中枢神经系统肿瘤（67%）、前体造血组织肿瘤（64%）、胃肠道（结直肠除外）肿瘤（49%）以及肺-支气管-气管癌（42%）。 结论：2004年至2020年间，由于生存率提高，比利时AYAs的癌症负担有所增加，而发病率在2015年后趋于稳定。总体五年相对生存率超过80%，但部分癌症的生存率仍低于儿童（如前体造血组织肿瘤）或年长成人（如乳腺癌、肉瘤）。比利时的流行病学趋势与邻国（荷兰、法国、德国）基本一致。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家