Background and Objective.The significance of microRNAs (miRNAs) in relation to neoplastic diseases; such as renal carcinoma carcinoma (RCC); has been brought to light by recent studies. Analyzing the main urinary miRNAs implicated in RCC and their potential diagnostic use was the goal of this systematic review of the literature.Methods.This systematic review was performed following the PROSPERO protocol CRD42024550716. Our literature search strategies were deciding which database to include (Pubmed; EMBASE and Clinicaltrial.gov) and composing strings with words related to urinary miRNA in patients with RCC.Key findings and limitations. After screening; 10 papers were included from the 593 records that the systematic review found. No miRNA was investigated in more than one paper by different authors. The miR-210 and let-7 family were the most investigated and resulted upregulated in RCC cases compared to controls. Five papers reported different expression of miRNAs in urine samples before and after surgery: miR-15a; miR-34a-5p; miR-200a-3p; miR-205-5p; miR-210; miR-210-3p; miR-365a-3p and let-7d-5p levels decreased after nephrectomy. Meta-analysis was not performed since the included studies were heterogeneous; in terms of studied miRNA; of the normalizer used during stabilization phase; and histologic type of RCC (clear cell RCC; papillary RCC; unspecified RCC).Conclusions.Considering the variability and heterogeneity of the obtained results; as well as the vastness of the topic; expanding research in this field appears highly promising. To support further advancements; it would be useful to establish a database that consolidates international findings.
背景与目的。近期研究揭示了微小RNA（miRNA）在肾细胞癌等肿瘤疾病中的重要意义。本系统性文献综述旨在分析肾细胞癌相关的主要尿液miRNA及其潜在的诊断应用价值。 方法。本系统性文献综述遵循PROSPERO协议CRD42024550716进行。通过制定检索策略，确定纳入数据库（PubMed、EMBASE和ClinicalTrials.gov），并构建与肾细胞癌患者尿液miRNA相关的检索词组合。 主要发现与局限性。经筛选后，从系统综述检索到的593条记录中纳入10篇文献。不同作者的研究均未重复检测同一种miRNA。其中miR-210和let-7家族是研究频次最高的miRNA，在肾细胞癌病例中均呈现上调表达。五篇文献报道了手术前后尿液样本中多种miRNA的表达差异：miR-15a、miR-34a-5p、miR-200a-3p、miR-205-5p、miR-210、miR-210-3p、miR-365a-3p及let-7d-5p在肾切除术后水平下降。由于纳入研究在检测的miRNA种类、标准化参照物选择及肾细胞癌组织学类型（透明细胞癌、乳头状癌、未分型肾癌）等方面存在异质性，未进行荟萃分析。 结论。鉴于现有研究结果的多样性与异质性，以及该领域的广阔前景，拓展相关研究具有重要价值。建议建立整合国际研究成果的数据库，以推动该领域的进一步发展。
Evaluation of Urinary miRNA in Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家