Pancreatic cancer is a deadly disease with a low survival rate, particularly in its advanced stages. Advanced pancreatic cancer remains a major clinical challenge due to limited treatment options. Surgical resection may not always be feasible, and traditional chemotherapy often shows restricted effectiveness. As a result, researchers are exploring a multifaceted therapeutic approach targeting the genetic and molecular drivers of the disease. A combination of molecular profiling and targeted therapies are being investigated to improve outcomes and address the shortcomings of traditional treatments. The focus of this review is to provide a summary of current and completed clinical trials for the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer. This includes adagrasib (a KRAS inhibitor), olaparib (a PARP inhibitor forBRCAmutations), APG-1387 (an IAP antagonist), minnelide (an anti-stromal agent), arimastat (an MMP inhibitor), MK-0646 (an IGF1R inhibitor), sirolimus (an mTOR inhibitor), and metabolic inhibitors. These agents are being evaluated both as standalone treatments and in combination with standard therapy. Furthermore, we have summarized novel approaches such as cancer vaccines and ablation techniques as emerging strategies in the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer. We have also examined the challenges in treating advanced pancreatic cancer and the factors contributing to therapeutic failure, which may offer valuable insights for developing more effective treatment strategies and innovative drug designs.
胰腺癌是一种致死率极高的疾病，尤其在晚期阶段生存率极低。由于治疗手段有限，晚期胰腺癌仍是临床面临的主要挑战。手术切除并非始终可行，传统化疗方案往往疗效有限。因此，研究者正在探索针对该疾病遗传与分子驱动因素的多维度治疗方法。目前正通过分子谱分析与靶向治疗相结合的策略，以改善治疗效果并弥补传统治疗的不足。本综述重点总结当前及已完成的晚期胰腺癌治疗临床试验，包括阿达格拉西布（KRAS抑制剂）、奥拉帕利（针对BRCA突变的PARP抑制剂）、APG-1387（IAP拮抗剂）、明尼莱德（抗间质药物）、阿里马司他（MMP抑制剂）、MK-0646（IGF1R抑制剂）、西罗莫司（mTOR抑制剂）及代谢抑制剂等。这些药物正作为独立治疗方案或与标准疗法联合使用进行评估。此外，我们总结了癌症疫苗与消融技术等新型治疗策略在晚期胰腺癌治疗中的前沿进展。同时探讨了晚期胰腺癌治疗面临的挑战及导致治疗失败的因素，这些分析可能为开发更有效的治疗策略和创新药物设计提供重要参考。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家