文章：

德国姑息治疗中的物理疗法——一项针对物理治疗师的全国性调查

Physiotherapy in German Palliative Care—A Nationwide Survey Among Physiotherapists

原文发布日期：13 April 2025

DOI: 10.3390/cancers17081311

类型: Article

开放获取: 是

英文摘要：

Objective: The aim of physiotherapy interventions for palliative care patients is to relieve pain, promote active movement and thereby improve quality of life and wellbeing. Physiotherapy is an important adjunct to medical and pharmacological treatments. The aim of this study is to identify the specific challenges, self-perceptions and therapeutic approaches of physiotherapists working in palliative care. Methods: An online survey of German physiotherapists was conducted using a 22-question questionnaire. The quantitative data were analysed descriptively (frequencies and percentages), and the qualitative responses were reviewed and grouped thematically. Results: A total of 450 valid responses were evaluated, of which 349 respondents worked in palliative care. The most common treatments for palliative care patients are respiratory therapy (85.8%), general physiotherapy measures (82.4%) and massages (72.9%). The analysis of the free-text responses identified five topics representing the work and challenges of physiotherapists in palliative care. A key issue identified is that the standard 20 min therapy session covered by health insurance is often insufficient to meet the individual needs and daily conditions of each patient. Physiotherapists with no previous experience of palliative care patients often require additional training and often feel inadequately prepared to work effectively with this patient population without appropriate further training. Many physiotherapists believe that they are involved in treatment too late. In addition, other healthcare professionals may not fully recognise the scope of their expertise. Conclusions: Physiotherapy in palliative care requires sensitivity, adaptability and sufficient time. Further training and early involvement are necessary to better address patients’ needs and harness the therapeutic potential of physiotherapists.

摘要翻译： 

目的：姑息治疗中物理治疗干预的目标在于缓解疼痛、促进主动活动，从而提升患者的生活质量与身心健康。物理治疗是药物及医学治疗的重要辅助手段。本研究旨在明确从事姑息治疗的物理治疗师所面临的具体挑战、自我认知及其治疗方法。方法：通过包含22个问题的问卷对德国物理治疗师开展在线调查。定量数据采用描述性分析（频数与百分比），质性回答则经过审阅并按主题归类。结果：共收集到450份有效问卷，其中349名受访者从事姑息治疗工作。针对姑息患者最常用的治疗方式包括呼吸治疗（85.8%）、常规物理治疗措施（82.4%）及按摩疗法（72.9%）。对自由文本回答的分析提炼出五个主题，反映了姑息治疗物理治疗师的工作内容与挑战。研究发现的核心问题在于：医保覆盖的标准20分钟治疗时长往往不足以满足患者的个体化需求与日常状况。缺乏姑息治疗经验的物理治疗师通常需要额外培训，且多数认为若未经过适当进阶培训，自身难以有效开展针对该患者群体的工作。许多治疗师认为介入治疗时机过晚。此外，其他医疗专业人员可能未能充分认可其专业能力范围。结论：姑息治疗中的物理治疗需要敏锐的洞察力、灵活的适应性以及充足的治疗时间。通过加强专业培训并尽早介入治疗，才能更好地满足患者需求，充分发挥物理治疗师的临床潜力。

原文链接：

Physiotherapy in German Palliative Care—A Nationwide Survey Among Physiotherapists