文章：

肛门鳞状细胞癌的管理、治疗与监测进展

Advances in the Management, Treatment, and Surveillance of Anal Squamous Cell Cancer

原文发布日期：10 April 2025

DOI: 10.3390/cancers17081289

类型: Article

开放获取: 是

英文摘要：

Anal cancer is a rare diagnosis, but incidence has been increasing over the past decade. Anal cancer is associated with the human papilloma virus (HPV), specifically the high-risk subtypes of 16 and 18. In addition, the precursor lesion for anal cancer is high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs) and its treatment and surveillance has been emphasized over the last 5 years. The current standard of care for anal cancer includes the Nigro protocol, concurrent chemoradiation, typically radiation with systemic mitomycin and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). The protocol’s efficacy laid the foundation for sphincter preservation and non-operative management. This review will detail the essential clinical trials in the treatment and surveillance of premalignant lesions and anal squamous cell cancer, including alterations in radiation dosing, systemic chemotherapy, and immunotherapy over the last several decades.

摘要翻译： 

肛门癌虽属罕见诊断，但其发病率在过去十年间持续上升。该疾病与人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染密切相关，特别是高危亚型HPV-16和HPV-18。此外，高级别鳞状上皮内病变（HSILs）作为肛门癌的癌前病变，其治疗与监测在过去五年受到高度重视。当前肛门癌的标准治疗方案采用Nigro方案，即同步放化疗，通常联合全身性丝裂霉素与5-氟尿嘧啶（5-FU）进行放射治疗。该方案在保留肛门括约肌功能及实现非手术治疗方面奠定了疗效基础。本综述将详细阐述近几十年来针对癌前病变及肛门鳞状细胞癌治疗与监测的关键临床试验，包括放射剂量调整、全身化疗及免疫治疗的发展演变。

原文链接：

Advances in the Management, Treatment, and Surveillance of Anal Squamous Cell Cancer