Background/Objectives: Pancreatic cancer remains one of the most aggressive and lethal malignancies, with limited effective treatment options for advanced stages. Microwave Ablation (MWA) has emerged as a minimally invasive therapeutic modality, offering potential benefits in tumor control. This review aims to critically assess the safety and efficacy of MWA in the treatment of pancreatic cancer, focusing on its application in various pancreatic lesions. Methods: We systematically reviewed studies published between 2010 and 2023 that evaluated the use of MWA in pancreatic tumors, including locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC), pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs), and pancreatic metastases from renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Due to limited data on survival rates and long-term outcomes, our analysis concentrated primarily on the technical aspects and immediate procedural outcomes of MWA. Results: MWA was technically feasible in all cases. The overall complication rate was approximately 16.7% (nine patients), with higher incidences in tumors located in the pancreatic head. Reported complications included pancreatitis and pseudocyst formation. Procedural parameters varied, with applied energy ranging from 20 to 80 watts and ablation times between 2 to 15 min, depending on the microwave generator type and approach (percutaneous, intraoperative or endoscopic). All cases demonstrated effective necrosis of the target tissue, and several studies reported notable tumor size reductions, averaging up to 70%. Conclusions: MWA shows promise as a therapeutic option for pancreatic cancer, achieving high technical success rates and significant tumor reductions. However, the procedure is associated with a moderate complication rate, particularly in tumors located in the pancreatic head.
背景/目的：胰腺癌仍是最具侵袭性和致死性的恶性肿瘤之一，晚期治疗手段有限。微波消融作为一种微创治疗方式，在肿瘤控制方面展现出潜在优势。本综述旨在系统评估微波消融治疗胰腺癌的安全性与有效性，重点关注其在各类胰腺病灶中的应用。方法：我们系统回顾了2010年至2023年间发表的关于微波消融应用于胰腺肿瘤的研究，包括局部进展期胰腺癌、胰腺神经内分泌肿瘤及肾细胞癌胰腺转移瘤。鉴于生存率和长期预后数据有限，本分析主要聚焦于微波消融的技术特点和即时手术效果。结果：所有病例中微波消融技术均具可行性。总体并发症发生率约为16.7%（9例患者），胰头部肿瘤并发症发生率更高。报告的并发症包括胰腺炎和假性囊肿形成。手术参数存在差异：根据微波发生器类型及入路方式（经皮、术中或内镜），应用能量范围为20-80瓦，消融时间2-15分钟。所有病例均实现目标组织有效坏死，多项研究报道肿瘤体积显著缩小，平均缩小率最高达70%。结论：微波消融作为胰腺癌治疗选择前景可观，具有较高的技术成功率和显著的肿瘤减容效果。但该手术存在中度并发症风险，尤其在胰头部肿瘤治疗中需特别注意。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家