The liver is the most common site of metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC), and colorectal liver metastasis is one of the major causes of CRC-related deaths worldwide. The tumor microenvironment, particularly the extracellular matrix (ECM), plays a critical role in CRC metastasis and chemoresistance. Based on findings from clinical and basic research, this review attempts to offer a complete understanding of the role of the ECM in colorectal liver metastasis and to suggest potential ways for therapeutic intervention. First, the ECMs’ role in regulating cancer cell fate is explored. We then discuss the hepatic ECM fingerprint and its influence on the metastatic behavior of CRC cells, highlighting key molecular interactions that promote metastasis. In addition, we examine how changes in the ECM within the metastatic niche contribute to chemoresistance, focusing on ECM remodeling by ECM stiffening and the activation of specific signaling pathways. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for the development of novel strategies to overcome metastasis and improve outcomes for CRC patients.
肝脏是结直肠癌最常见的转移部位，结直肠癌肝转移是全球结直肠癌相关死亡的主要原因之一。肿瘤微环境，尤其是细胞外基质，在结直肠癌转移和化疗耐药中起着关键作用。基于临床和基础研究的发现，本综述试图全面阐述细胞外基质在结直肠癌肝转移中的作用，并提出潜在的治疗干预途径。首先，探讨了细胞外基质在调控癌细胞命运中的作用。随后，我们讨论了肝脏细胞外基质的特征及其对结直肠癌细胞转移行为的影响，重点阐述了促进转移的关键分子相互作用。此外，我们还研究了转移微环境中细胞外基质的变化如何导致化疗耐药，重点关注细胞外基质硬化引起的基质重塑以及特定信号通路的激活。理解这些机制对于开发克服转移、改善结直肠癌患者预后的新策略至关重要。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家