文章：

量子点及其他纳米结构在癌症治疗中的进展：药物递送创新、应用与挑战综述

Advancing Cancer Therapy with Quantum Dots and Other Nanostructures: A Review of Drug Delivery Innovations, Applications, and Challenges

原文发布日期：4 March 2025

DOI: 10.3390/cancers17050878

类型: Article

开放获取: 是

英文摘要：

Nanotechnology, particularly quantum dots (QDs), has ushered in a transformative era in the pharmaceutical and medical industries, offering notable opportunities for nanoscale advancements. These nanoscale particles, known for their exceptional optical properties and quantum confinement, have emerged as indispensable tools in cancer drug delivery and bioimaging. This review delves into various drug conjugation techniques with QDs, including covalent linking, non-covalent conjugation, click chemistry, disulfide linkage, and pH-sensitive linkage. Each method provides distinct advantages, such as enhanced stability, reversibility, specificity, and controlled drug release. Moreover, QDs have demonstrated significant promise in oncology by efficiently delivering drugs to cancerous tissues while minimising systemic toxicity. Investigations into their applications in different cancers, such as blood, brain, cervical, breast cancers, etc., reveal their efficacy in targeted drug delivery, real-time imaging, and improved therapeutic outcomes. However, challenges such as potential toxicity, stability, pharmacokinetics, and targeting specificity must be addressed to fully harness the benefits of QDs in cancer therapy. Future research should focus on developing biocompatible QDs, optimising conjugation techniques, and elucidating their safety profiles and long-term effects in biological systems. Overall, QDs represent a promising frontier in cancer treatment, offering multifaceted capabilities that hold the potential for enhanced therapeutic outcomes and reduced side effects across various cancers.

摘要翻译： 

纳米技术，尤其是量子点（QDs），引领了制药和医疗行业的变革时代，为纳米级进步提供了显著机遇。这些以其卓越光学特性和量子限域效应而闻名的纳米级粒子，已成为癌症药物递送和生物成像中不可或缺的工具。本综述深入探讨了量子点的多种药物偶联技术，包括共价连接、非共价偶联、点击化学、二硫键连接以及pH敏感连接。每种方法均具有独特优势，如增强稳定性、可逆性、特异性以及可控的药物释放。此外，量子点在肿瘤学领域展现出巨大潜力，能够高效地将药物递送至癌组织，同时最大限度地降低全身毒性。对其在血液癌、脑癌、宫颈癌、乳腺癌等不同癌症中应用的研究表明，量子点在靶向药物递送、实时成像以及改善治疗效果方面具有显著功效。然而，要充分释放量子点在癌症治疗中的潜力，必须解决其潜在毒性、稳定性、药代动力学及靶向特异性等挑战。未来的研究应聚焦于开发生物相容性量子点、优化偶联技术，并阐明其在生物系统中的安全性及长期效应。总体而言，量子点代表了癌症治疗领域一个充满前景的前沿方向，其多功能特性有望在多种癌症治疗中提升疗效并减少副作用。

原文链接：

Advancing Cancer Therapy with Quantum Dots and Other Nanostructures: A Review of Drug Delivery Innovations, Applications, and Challenges