Background: In recent years, research has highlighted the importance of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the context of oncological diseases, including renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The aim of this systematic review of the literature was to analyze the main serum miRNAs involved in RCC and their potential diagnostic power.Methods:This systematic review was performed following the PROSPERO protocol CRD42024550709. Literature search strategies were developed composing strings with text words related to serum miRNA in RCC for PubMed, EMBASE and Clinicaltrial.gov. The studies enrolling adult populations with RCC and healthy controls measuring circulating miRNAs were included.Results:We found 500 records, and 26 papers were included after screening. Four studies found that miR-210, the most investigated miRNA, was overexpressed in RCC patients compared to controls, while one reported no statistical difference. The expression of some miRNAs was consistently lower in cases compared to healthy controls, such as miR-1-3p and miR-129-5p, while others (miR-221, miR-222, miR-224-5p and miR-1233) were consistently upregulated.Conclusions:Circulating miRNAs represent a promising avenue for the non-invasive diagnosis of RCC. Future research should focus on standardization, validation in larger cohorts and the development of multi-marker diagnostic panels to address these current limitations and pave the way for miRNA-based diagnostics in RCC.
背景：近年来，研究强调了微小RNA（miRNA）在包括肾细胞癌（RCC）在内的肿瘤疾病中的重要性。本文献系统综述旨在分析RCC中涉及的主要血清miRNA及其潜在的诊断能力。 方法：本系统综述按照PROSPERO协议CRD42024550709进行。针对PubMed、EMBASE和Clinicaltrial.gov数据库，制定了包含与RCC血清miRNA相关文本词的检索策略。纳入的研究对象为成年RCC患者和健康对照者，并测量了循环miRNA。 结果：共检索到500条记录，筛选后纳入26篇文献。四项研究发现，研究最多的miRNA——miR-210在RCC患者中表达高于对照组，而一项研究未报告统计学差异。与健康对照相比，某些miRNA（如miR-1-3p和miR-129-5p）在病例中表达持续较低，而其他miRNA（如miR-221、miR-222、miR-224-5p和miR-1233）则持续上调。 结论：循环miRNA为RCC的无创诊断提供了有前景的途径。未来的研究应侧重于标准化、在更大队列中进行验证以及开发多标志物诊断组合，以解决当前局限性，并为基于miRNA的RCC诊断铺平道路。
An Evaluation of Serum miRNA in Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家