Background/Aim: Nutritional management in neurosurgical patients with brain neoplasms is critical, as optimal nutritional status is potentially associated with improved clinical outcomes. This systematic review aimed to analyze the impact of pre- and postoperative nutritional assessment and effect of prepost interventions on the clinical outcomes. Methods: A systematic review was conducted using the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and CINAHL databases, complemented by a search of grey literature. Study quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute framework, and the certainty of evidence was graded according to the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine levels. Results: Fourteen studies, encompassing a total of 11,224 adult patients with brain neoplasms, were included. Many of these studies were retrospective, had small sample sizes, and examined diverse nutritional protocols. Preoperative nutritional status assessment, including clinical parameters such as albumin (p< 0.001), Controlling Nutritional Status score (p= 0.001), and Prognostic Nutritional Index (p< 0.010), combined with postoperative oral nutritional supplements (p< 0.001), was significantly associated with postoperative clinical outcomes. Additionally, personalized nutritional counseling contributed to a reduction in complications and facilitated more effective functional recovery. Conclusions: Nutritional care is vital in managing neurosurgical patients with brain neoplasms, reducing complications and enhancing postoperative recovery and overall clinical outcomes. A multidisciplinary team is key to optimal outcomes. Future research should aim to standardize protocols for broader applicability.
背景/目的：脑肿瘤神经外科患者的营养管理至关重要，因为最佳营养状况可能与改善临床结局相关。本系统综述旨在分析术前术后营养评估及围手术期干预措施对临床结局的影响。方法：通过检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、Embase和CINAHL数据库并辅以灰色文献检索进行系统综述。采用乔安娜·布里格斯研究所框架评估研究质量，依据牛津循证医学中心标准对证据等级进行分级。结果：共纳入14项研究，涵盖11,224例成人脑肿瘤患者。多数研究为回顾性设计，样本量较小，且采用的营养方案各异。术前营养状况评估（包括白蛋白[p<0.001]、营养控制状态评分[p=0.001]和预后营养指数[p<0.010]等临床参数）结合术后口服营养补充[p<0.001]，与术后临床结局显著相关。此外，个体化营养咨询有助于减少并发症并促进更有效的功能恢复。结论：营养管理对脑肿瘤神经外科患者的治疗至关重要，可减少并发症、促进术后恢复并改善总体临床结局。多学科团队协作是实现最佳疗效的关键。未来研究应致力于制定标准化方案以提升临床普适性。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家