Melanoma represents a significant public health challenge due to its increasing incidence and potential for metastasis. This review will explore the current clinical approaches to the management of melanoma, focusing on advancements in diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. Methods for early detection and accurate staging have been enhanced by new diagnostic strategies. Treatment modalities have expanded beyond traditional surgical excision to include targeted therapy and immunotherapy. Prognostic assessment has benefited from the development of novel biomarkers and genetic profiling. This review will highlight the progress made in the multidisciplinary management of melanoma, underscoring the importance of continuous research to improve patient outcomes.
黑色素瘤因其日益增长的发病率及转移潜力,已成为一项重要的公共卫生挑战。本综述将探讨当前黑色素瘤的临床管理策略,重点关注诊断、治疗及预后评估方面的进展。新型诊断策略提升了早期检测与精准分期的能力。治疗模式已从传统手术切除扩展到靶向治疗与免疫治疗。预后评估则得益于新型生物标志物与基因谱分析技术的发展。本综述将重点阐述黑色素瘤多学科综合治疗取得的进展,并强调持续开展研究对改善患者预后的重要意义。