Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly malignant brain tumor that has a bleak outlook despite existing treatments such as surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. The utilization of nanoparticles for drug delivery presents a promising method by which to improve the effectiveness of treatment while reducing the harmful effects on the entire body. This review examines the application of nanoparticles in the treatment of GBM, focusing on different types of nanoparticles, including lipid-based, polymeric, metallic, and those under development. Every variety is analyzed for its distinct characteristics and therapeutic capacity. Lipid-based nanoparticles, such as liposomes and solid lipid nanoparticles, enhance the transport of medicines that are not soluble in water and have shown considerable potential in preclinical investigations. Polymeric nanoparticles have benefits in terms of controlled release and targeted distribution, whereas metallic nanoparticles have potential in both therapy and imaging. In the current review we would like to emphasize the ways in which nanoparticles improve medicine delivery, specifically by enhancing penetration of the blood–brain barrier (BBB), targeting tumors, and enabling controlled release. Additionally, we also discuss current preclinical and clinical discoveries, highlighting both achievements and obstacles in the process of converting these technologies into effective treatments for GBM. This study offers a thorough examination of the present status and prospects of nanoparticles in the treatment of GBM.
多形性胶质母细胞瘤是一种高度恶性的脑肿瘤，尽管存在手术、放疗和化疗等现有治疗手段，其预后依然不容乐观。利用纳米颗粒进行药物递送为提高治疗效果同时减少全身性毒副作用提供了一种极具前景的方法。本综述探讨了纳米颗粒在胶质母细胞瘤治疗中的应用，重点关注脂质基、聚合物基、金属基及处于研发阶段的不同类型纳米颗粒。每种类型均就其独特性质和治疗潜力进行了分析：脂质基纳米颗粒（如脂质体和固体脂质纳米粒）能有效改善水不溶性药物的递送，在临床前研究中展现出显著潜力；聚合物纳米颗粒在控制释放和靶向递送方面具有优势；金属纳米颗粒则在治疗与成像领域均具应用前景。本文重点阐述了纳米颗粒通过增强血脑屏障穿透性、实现肿瘤靶向及控制释放等机制改善药物递送的途径，同时系统评述了当前临床前与临床研究进展，既总结了技术转化过程中取得的成果，也指出了面临的挑战。本研究为全面理解纳米颗粒在胶质母细胞瘤治疗领域的现状与发展前景提供了系统性分析。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家