Mesothelioma is a highly malignant condition arising from the pleura and peritoneum that is closely related to asbestos exposure. The prognosis for this condition has traditionally been poor due to the difficulty physicians have faced in diagnosing and treating this disease, even in its early phase. Fortunately, recent advances in both the molecular understanding of the development of this disease and innovative and novel treatment modalities have accelerated the discovery of new ways to treat mesothelioma. In this review, we first summarize the mechanism of mesothelioma pathophysiology and then relate it to emerging treatment modalities. These include immunotherapy or immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), molecular targeted therapies, and cell-based therapies (such as CAR-T cells or dendritic cells). The scientific basis for the utilization of these treatment modalities, alongside the current clinical evidence for each option, will be explored in detail later on. The hope is that this review can elucidate how these emerging therapeutic options work clinically to help accelerate further developments in novel mesothelioma treatment modalities.
间皮瘤是一种源于胸膜和腹膜的高度恶性肿瘤，与石棉暴露密切相关。由于即使在早期阶段，医生在诊断和治疗该疾病方面也面临困难，因此其预后历来较差。幸运的是，近年来对该疾病发展的分子机制理解以及创新治疗方式的进展，加速了治疗间皮瘤新方法的发现。本文首先总结了间皮瘤病理生理学机制，并将其与新兴治疗方式联系起来，包括免疫疗法或免疫检查点抑制剂（ICIs）、分子靶向疗法以及细胞疗法（如CAR-T细胞或树突状细胞）。这些治疗方式的科学依据及各自的临床证据将在后续详细探讨。希望本文能够阐明这些新兴治疗选择在临床中的作用机制，以促进新型间皮瘤治疗方式的进一步发展。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家