Pancreatic cancer is a highly malignant digestive system tumor characterized by covert onset and rapid progression, with a 5-year survival rate of less than 10%. Most patients have already reached an advanced or metastatic stage at the time of diagnosis. Therefore, it is particularly important to study the occurrence, development, and drug resistance mechanisms of pancreatic cancer. In recent years, the development of 3D tumor cell culture technology has provided new avenues for pancreatic cancer research. Patient-derived organoids (PDOs) are micro-organ structures that are obtained directly from the patient’s body and rapidly expand in vitro. PDOs have the ability to self-renew and self-organize and retain the genetic heterogeneity and molecular characteristics of the original tumor. However, the use of organoids is limited because most patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) are inoperable. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration/biopsy (EUS-FNA/FNB) is an important method for obtaining tissue samples from non-surgical pancreatic cancer patients. This article reviews the factors that affect the formation of pancreatic cancer organoids using EUS-FNA/FNB. High-quality samples, sterile operations, and optimized culture media are key to successfully generating organoids. Additionally, individual patient differences and disease stages can impact the formation of organoids. Pancreatic cancer organoids constructed using EUS-FNA/FNB have significant potential, suggesting new approaches for research and treatment.
胰腺癌是一种高度恶性的消化系统肿瘤，其特点是起病隐匿、进展迅速，5年生存率不足10%。大多数患者在确诊时已处于晚期或转移阶段。因此，研究胰腺癌的发生、发展及耐药机制尤为重要。近年来，三维肿瘤细胞培养技术的发展为胰腺癌研究提供了新途径。患者来源类器官（PDOs）是直接从患者体内获取并在体外快速扩增的微型器官结构，具有自我更新和自我组织能力，并保留了原始肿瘤的遗传异质性和分子特征。然而，由于大多数胰腺导管腺癌（PDAC）患者无法手术，类器官的应用受到限制。内镜超声引导下细针穿刺抽吸/活检（EUS-FNA/FNB）是获取非手术胰腺癌患者组织样本的重要方法。本文综述了利用EUS-FNA/FNB构建胰腺癌类器官的影响因素。高质量的样本、无菌操作及优化的培养基是成功生成类器官的关键。此外，患者个体差异及疾病阶段也会影响类器官的形成。利用EUS-FNA/FNB构建的胰腺癌类器官具有重要潜力，为研究和治疗提供了新思路。
Establishing Pancreatic Cancer Organoids from EUS-Guided Fine-Needle Biopsy Specimens
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家