Background: Cervical cancer remains a significant health concern worldwide and the primary cause of cancerous cervical lesions is the infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV). However, emerging evidence suggests that HR-HPV infection alone is insufficient for cancer development, and other co-factors may contribute to cervical carcinogenesis. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), a common herpesvirus frequently detected in cervical cancer samples, has demonstrated oncogenic potential. Objectives: This review aims to explore the molecular interactions between HR-HPV and HCMV in promoting cervical cancer progression. Methods. A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar, focusing on articles examining the role of HCMV in cervical tissues and/or cells, selected based on relevance and significance. Results: The reviewed literature indicates that HCMV and HR-HPV share several oncogenic mechanisms that could drive cervical cell transformation. Conclusions. Both viruses may synergistically promote cervical epithelial transformation and tumor progression in multiple ways. HR-HPV may facilitate HCMV entry by increasing host cell receptors essential for viral attachment. Additionally, HR-HPV and HCMV may cooperatively disrupt cellular processes, enhancing carcinogenesis. Both viruses may also modulate the local immune environment, enabling immune evasion and lesion persistence. However, further in vitro and in vivo studies are required to validate these hypotheses.
背景：宫颈癌仍是全球重要的健康问题，高危型人乳头瘤病毒（HR-HPV）感染是宫颈癌性病变的主要病因。然而，新近证据表明仅HR-HPV感染不足以导致癌症发生，其他协同因子可能在宫颈癌变过程中发挥作用。人巨细胞病毒（HCMV）作为常见疱疹病毒，在宫颈癌样本中频繁检出，已显示出致癌潜力。目的：本综述旨在探讨HR-HPV与HCMV在促进宫颈癌进展中的分子相互作用。方法：系统检索PubMed和Google Scholar数据库，聚焦于探讨HCMV在宫颈组织和/或细胞中作用的研究文献，依据相关性和重要性筛选纳入文献。结果：文献分析表明HCMV与HR-HPV共享多种可能驱动宫颈细胞转化的致癌机制。结论：两种病毒可能通过多种方式协同促进宫颈上皮转化和肿瘤进展。HR-HPV可能通过增加病毒附着所需宿主细胞受体促进HCMV侵入；此外，HR-HPV与HCMV可能协同破坏细胞进程从而增强致癌作用；两种病毒还可共同调控局部免疫环境，实现免疫逃逸和病变持续存在。但上述假说仍需通过更多体外与体内研究加以验证。
Molecular Insights into HR-HPV and HCMV Co-Presence in Cervical Cancer Development
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家