The incidence of head and neck cancer (HNC) has significantly increased over the past two decades. Material and methods: This study analyzed trends in HNC incidence and mortality using data from the Polish Cancer Register (1999–2021) across three age cohorts (60–69, 70–79, and 80+) and projected trends through to 2035. Statistical analyses included regression, correlation, and parallelism tests, with significance levels of α = 0.05 and Bonferroni correction applied (αc ≈ 0.017). Results: In the 60–69 cohort, incidence rates increased faster than mortality rates (p< 0.001), especially for oral and oropharyngeal cancers in women (p< 0.001). For the 70–79 cohort, mortality rates rose slower than incidence (p< 0.05), most notably for salivary gland cancers across genders and oral cavity cancers in women. In the 80+ group, both incidence and mortality increased (p< 0.05), but mortality rates rose faster for laryngeal, hypopharyngeal, and oral cancers in men and the general population (p< 0.017). The largest increases were observed in oral cancer among women, with a marked rise across all age groups (p< 0.001). Gender-specific patterns highlighted stable or modestly rising trends in males but a notable increase in females, particularly in the 80+ group. Conclusions: These findings underscore that older patients are not a homogeneous group in terms of HNC incidence and survival. This study emphasizes age- and gender-specific strategies for prevention and management. Expanding HPV vaccination and improving early detection are crucial, particularly for high-risk groups like older women and those with HPV-related cancers. Tailored approaches could mitigate rising trends and improve survival outcomes.
过去二十年间，头颈癌（HNC）的发病率显著上升。材料与方法：本研究利用波兰癌症登记处（1999–2021年）的数据，分析了三个年龄组（60–69岁、70–79岁和80岁以上）头颈癌发病率和死亡率的趋势，并预测了至2035年的变化趋势。统计分析包括回归、相关性和平行性检验，显著性水平设定为α = 0.05，并应用Bonferroni校正（αc ≈ 0.017）。结果：在60–69岁年龄组中，发病率增长速度高于死亡率（p < 0.001），尤其是女性的口腔癌和口咽癌（p < 0.001）。在70–79岁年龄组中，死亡率增长速度低于发病率（p < 0.05），其中两性的唾液腺癌和女性的口腔癌表现最为明显。在80岁以上年龄组中，发病率和死亡率均有所上升（p < 0.05），但男性的喉癌、下咽癌和口腔癌以及总体人群的死亡率增长速度更快（p < 0.017）。女性口腔癌的增幅最大，在所有年龄组中均显著上升（p < 0.001）。性别特异性模式显示，男性的趋势稳定或略有上升，而女性则显著增加，尤其是在80岁以上年龄组。结论：这些发现强调，老年患者在头颈癌发病率和生存率方面并非同质群体。本研究强调了针对年龄和性别的预防和管理策略。扩大HPV疫苗接种和改善早期检测至关重要，特别是对于老年女性和HPV相关癌症的高危人群。针对性的干预措施可能有助于缓解上升趋势并提高生存率。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家