Background/Objectives: Treatments for multiple myeloma (MM) have expanded in the last decade, and the overall survival (OS) of MM patients (pts) is in continuous improvement. With the availability of new treatments and the use of high-dose chemotherapy, followed by autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT), the median OS of newly diagnosed MM (NDMM) pts is 6–8 years. To date, approximately 50% and 28% of MM patients are still alive at 5 years and 10 years. Few data are reported concerning the characteristics of the long-term survival MM pts. Methods: the aim of this observational multicenter study is to analyze the clinical profile of MM pts who have survived 10 years or longer, to identify possible predictors of long-term survival. Conclusions: this is a real-life observation of a cohort of 344 long-term survivors with MM. The median age of the entire cohort was 59 years (range 27–83). The median years from diagnosis was 13.4 (range 11.3–16.3). Our analysis identified age more than 60 years, hypoalbuminemia at diagnosis, and a number of anti-myeloma therapies equal or more than 3 as significant independent prognostic factors for reduced OS. These finding underline the importance of designing prospective studies to identify clinical, biological, and molecular characteristics that could be used to better stratify newly diagnosed multiple myeloma pts in order to incorporate reproducible biomarkers and to identify tailored optimal target therapies.
背景/目的：过去十年间，多发性骨髓瘤（MM）的治疗方案不断扩展，患者总生存期（OS）持续改善。随着新型疗法的应用以及大剂量化疗联合自体造血干细胞移植（ASCT）的开展，新诊断多发性骨髓瘤（NDMM）患者中位OS已达6-8年。目前约50%和28%的MM患者可分别实现5年及10年生存。关于长期生存MM患者临床特征的研究数据仍较为有限。方法：本观察性多中心研究旨在分析生存期≥10年的MM患者临床特征，以识别长期生存的潜在预测因素。结论：本研究对344例长期生存MM患者队列进行了真实世界观察。全队列中位年龄为59岁（范围27-83岁），自确诊起中位生存时间为13.4年（范围11.3-16.3年）。分析发现年龄＞60岁、确诊时低白蛋白血症以及接受≥3线抗骨髓瘤治疗是影响OS缩短的显著独立预后因素。这些发现强调了开展前瞻性研究的重要性，通过识别可用于新诊断多发性骨髓瘤患者分层管理的临床、生物学及分子特征，整合可重复性生物标志物，从而制定个体化精准靶向治疗方案。
Long-Term Survival with Multiple Myeloma: An Italian Experience
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家