Bladder cancer is among the most common form of cancer worldwide and is predicted to increase in incidence and mortality over the next decade. Squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder is a rare histological variant typically associated with schistosomiasis, also known as bilharzia, a parasitic infection caused by flatworms called schistosomes or blood flukes, and is generally seen in underdeveloped nations. However, squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder still represents nearly 5% of bladder cancer diagnoses in the western world. Transitional cell carcinoma is the predominant histological variant of bladder cancer found throughout the western world, and nearly all disease indicators and treatments for bladder cancer are driven by this common variant. Squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder shows characteristic features that differ from transitional cell carcinoma, such as differing levels of protein indicators and different response rates to traditional bladder cancer therapies. Common treatment methods for squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder include radical cystectomy, chemotherapies, and radiation. Reviewing the previous literature on the management of squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder, it becomes apparent that this variant needs to be treated differently than common bladder cancer variants and a proper management course needs to be set in place to maximize positive patient outcomes. Such a study will be very helpful for urologists and oncologists to manage patients with bladder squamous cell carcinoma.
膀胱癌是全球范围内最常见的癌症之一，预计未来十年其发病率和死亡率将持续上升。膀胱鳞状细胞癌是一种罕见组织学亚型，通常与血吸虫病（一种由扁形虫类寄生虫即血吸虫引起的寄生虫感染）相关，多见于欠发达国家。然而在西方世界，膀胱鳞状细胞癌仍占膀胱癌诊断病例的近5%。移行细胞癌是西方世界膀胱癌的主要组织学亚型，目前几乎所有膀胱癌的疾病指标和治疗方案都基于这种常见亚型制定。膀胱鳞状细胞癌具有区别于移行细胞癌的特征性表现，例如蛋白质标志物水平存在差异，对传统膀胱癌治疗方法的反应率也不同。膀胱鳞状细胞癌的常规治疗方法包括根治性膀胱切除术、化疗和放疗。通过回顾既往关于膀胱鳞状细胞癌治疗的文献可以发现，该亚型需要采用与常见膀胱癌亚型不同的治疗方案，且需建立规范的治疗路径以实现患者预后的最优化。此类研究将极大帮助泌尿外科医师和肿瘤科医师对膀胱鳞状细胞癌患者进行临床管理。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家