Breast cancer (BC) screening enables early detection and timely treatment of cancer. Improving the effectiveness of BC screening can be accomplished by personalizing screening schedules according to each woman’s specific risk level. However, when informing women about their risk classification, especially those at high risk, it is important to give clear recommendations on how to lower their risk. BC risk reduction comprises lifestyle modifications, preventive surgery, and chemoprevention, with the latter two being particularly applicable to high-risk individuals. Public health guidance on risk-reducing interventions is heterogeneous and context-dependent. We conducted a scoping review on BC surgical interventions and chemoprevention in East and Southeast Asia in publications between 2010 and 2024. We searched two databases and identified 23 publications relevant for inclusion. The highest number of publications came from South Korea (n= 9). More publications discussed surgical interventions compared to pharmacological interventions. The studies were largely observational and utilized data from medical records. Most studies defined high-risk individuals asBRCAcarriers, many of whom previously had cancer. The field would benefit from randomized studies of BC prevention strategies focusing on Asian populations. Future research could explore women’s sentiments towards chemoprevention compared to prophylactic surgery and could extend the definition of high-risk individuals beyondBRCAcarriers.
乳腺癌筛查有助于早期发现并及时治疗癌症。通过根据每位女性的具体风险水平个性化筛查方案，可提高筛查效果。然而，在告知女性其风险分类时，特别是高风险人群，必须就如何降低风险提供明确建议。乳腺癌风险降低措施包括生活方式调整、预防性手术和化学预防，后两者尤其适用于高风险个体。关于风险降低干预措施的公共卫生指南存在差异且需结合具体情境。我们对2010年至2024年间东亚和东南亚地区关于乳腺癌手术干预和化学预防的文献进行了范围综述，检索两个数据库后确定23篇相关文献纳入分析。韩国发表文献数量最多（9篇）。相较于药物干预，更多文献探讨手术干预。研究多为观察性设计并利用医疗记录数据。多数研究将高风险个体定义为BRCA基因携带者，其中许多人曾有癌症病史。该领域亟需针对亚洲人群开展乳腺癌预防策略的随机对照研究。未来研究可探索女性对化学预防与预防性手术的接受度差异，并可将高风险个体的定义扩展至BRCA基因携带者之外的人群。
A Scoping Review of Primary Breast Cancer Risk Reduction Strategies in East and Southeast Asia
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家