The Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is associated with a wide range of diseases, malignant and non-malignant. EBV was, in fact, the first virus described with cell transformation capacity, discovered by Epstein in 1964 in lymphoma samples from African children. Since then, EBV has been associated with several human tumors including nasopharyngeal carcinoma, gastric carcinoma, T-cell lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, diffuse large B cell lymphoma, and Burkitt lymphoma among others. The molecular hallmark of Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is a chromosomal translocation that involves theMYCgene and immunoglobulin loci, resulting in the deregulated expression ofMYC, an oncogenic transcription factor that appears deregulated in about half of human tumors. The role of MYC in lymphoma is well established, as MYC overexpression drives B cell proliferation through multiple mechanisms, foremost, the stimulation of the cell cycle. Indeed, MYC is found overexpressed or deregulated in several non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Most endemic and many sporadic BLs are associated with EBV infection. While some mechanisms by which EBV can contribute to BL have been reported, the mechanism that linksMYCtranslocation and EBV infection in BL is still under debate. Here, we review the main EBV-associated diseases, with a special focus on BL, and we discuss the interaction of EBV andMYCtranslocation during B cell malignant transformation in BL.
爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒（EBV）与多种恶性及非恶性疾病相关。事实上，EBV是首个被证实具有细胞转化能力的病毒，由爱泼斯坦于1964年在非洲儿童的淋巴瘤样本中发现。此后，EBV被证实与多种人类肿瘤相关，包括鼻咽癌、胃癌、T细胞淋巴瘤、霍奇金淋巴瘤、弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤以及伯基特淋巴瘤等。伯基特淋巴瘤（BL）的分子标志是涉及MYC基因与免疫球蛋白位点的染色体易位，导致致癌转录因子MYC的表达失调——该因子在约半数人类肿瘤中均存在异常表达。MYC在淋巴瘤中的作用已得到充分证实，其过表达通过多种机制驱动B细胞增殖，其中最重要的是刺激细胞周期。事实上，在多种非霍奇金淋巴瘤中均发现MYC过表达或失调现象。大多数地方性和许多散发性BL病例与EBV感染相关。虽然已有研究报道了EBV促进BL发展的部分机制，但关于BL中MYC易位与EBV感染之间的关联机制仍存在争议。本文综述了EBV相关主要疾病，特别聚焦于BL，并探讨了BL中B细胞恶性转化过程中EBV与MYC易位之间的相互作用。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家