Background: The relationship between obesity, physical activity, and cancer has not been well studied across different countries. The age-standardized rate of cancer in the UK is double–triple that in the Gulf Cooperation Council Countries (GCCCs). Here, we study the association between obesity, physical activity, and cancer incidence with the aim to elucidate cancer epidemiology and risk factors in two geographically, ethnically, and climatically different parts of the world. Methods: Our systematic search (from 2016 to 2023) in PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and APA PsycINFO databases resulted in 64 studies totaling 13,609,578 participants. The Cochrane risk of bias tool, GRADE, R programming language, and the meta package were used. Results: Significant associations between obesity and cancer were found in both regions, with a stronger association in the UK (p≤ 0.0001) than the GCCCs (p= 0.0042). While physical inactivity alone did not show a statistically significant association with cancer incidence, the pooled hazard ratio analysis revealed that the presence of both obesity and physical inactivity was associated with a significantly higher cancer incidence. The most common types of cancer were breast cancer in the UK and colorectal cancer across the GCCCs. Conclusion: Although both regions share similarities, advanced healthcare systems, genetic characteristics, dietary habits, and cultural practices may influence cancer incidence and types.
背景：肥胖、体力活动与癌症之间的关系在不同国家间尚未得到充分研究。英国癌症的年龄标准化发病率是海湾合作委员会国家（GCCCs）的2-3倍。本研究旨在探讨肥胖、体力活动与癌症发病率之间的关联，以阐明全球两个地理、种族和气候差异显著地区的癌症流行病学特征及风险因素。方法：我们通过系统检索PubMed、EMBASE、Scopus和APA PsycINFO数据库（2016年至2023年），共纳入64项研究，总计13,609,578名参与者。采用Cochrane偏倚风险评估工具、GRADE系统、R编程语言及meta分析软件包进行分析。结果：两个地区均发现肥胖与癌症存在显著关联，其中英国的关联强度（p≤0.0001）高于GCCCs地区（p=0.0042）。虽然单纯体力活动不足未显示与癌症发病率存在统计学显著关联，但合并风险比分析表明，肥胖与体力活动不足并存时与癌症发病率显著升高相关。最常见的癌症类型在英国为乳腺癌，在GCCCs地区则为结直肠癌。结论：尽管两个地区存在相似性，但先进的医疗体系、遗传特征、饮食习惯和文化习俗可能影响癌症的发病率和类型。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家