Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent malignant tumour worldwide. Depending on the stage of the tumour and liver function, a variety of treatment options are indicated. Traditional radiotherapy and chemotherapy are ineffective against HCC; however, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved radiofrequency ablation (RFA), surgical resection, and transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for advanced HCC. On the other hand, liver transplantation is recommended in the early stages of the disease. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) like lenvatinib and sorafenib, immunotherapy and anti-angiogenesis therapy, including pembrolizumab, bevacizumab, tremelimumab, durvalumab, camrelizumab, and atezolizumab, are other treatment options for advanced HCC. Moreover, to maximize outcomes for patients with HCC, the combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) along with targeted therapies or local ablative therapy is being investigated. This review elaborates on the current status of HCC treatment, outlining the most recent clinical study results and novel approaches.
肝细胞癌（HCC）是全球范围内常见的恶性肿瘤。根据肿瘤分期及肝功能状况，临床上存在多种治疗方案。传统放疗与化疗对肝细胞癌疗效有限；然而，美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）已批准射频消融术（RFA）、手术切除以及经动脉化疗栓塞术（TACE）用于晚期肝细胞癌的治疗。另一方面，肝移植被推荐用于疾病早期阶段。酪氨酸激酶抑制剂（如乐伐替尼和索拉非尼）、免疫疗法及抗血管生成疗法（包括帕博利珠单抗、贝伐珠单抗、曲美木单抗、度伐利尤单抗、卡瑞利珠单抗和阿特珠单抗）是晚期肝细胞癌的其他治疗选择。此外，为优化肝细胞癌患者的治疗效果，免疫检查点抑制剂联合靶向治疗或局部消融治疗的组合方案正在研究中。本综述详细阐述了肝细胞癌治疗的现状，概述了最新临床研究结果及新型治疗策略。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家