Background.Little is known about the impact of low- to moderate-penetrance genetic testing for skin cancer, which is a promising approach to skin cancer prevention.Methods.To address this deficit, we conducted an analysis comparing changes in skin cancer-related behaviors, distress, and beliefs measured at a baseline and twice after the receipt of skin cancer precision prevention materials containingMC1Rrisk feedback (higher or average risk) among 568 non-Hispanic White (NHW) and 463 Hispanic participants.Results.Regression analyses identified decreased average weekend hours in the sun (β = −0.25; 95% CI, −0.46–[−0.04]) and increased average skin cancer worry (β = 0.09; 95% CI, 0.01–0.18) among higher-risk NHW participants at the first but not second follow-up. On average, higher-risk NHW and Hispanic participants reported a persistent increased risk of developing skin cancer compared with similar others (β = 0.49; 95% CI, 0.33, 0.65; β = 0.42; 95% CI, 0.17, 0.67, respectively).Conclusions.MC1Rgenetic testing resulted in durable elevated skin cancer risk perceptions and shorter-term behavior changes among higher-risk individuals. Although higher-risk participants reported slight heightened worry at the first follow-up, the overall levels of skin cancer-related distress were low. The lack of sustained behavioral changes highlights the need for intervention reinforcement in precision prevention approaches to reduce cancer risk.
背景：目前关于低至中等外显率基因检测对皮肤癌预防效果的影响尚不明确，而该检测是皮肤癌预防领域颇具前景的研究方向。方法：为填补这一知识空白，本研究对568名非西班牙裔白人和463名西班牙裔参与者进行分析，比较其在基线期、接收包含MC1R基因风险反馈（高风险或平均风险）的皮肤癌精准预防材料后两次随访期间，皮肤癌相关行为、心理困扰及认知信念的变化情况。结果：回归分析显示，在首次随访（非第二次随访）中，高风险非西班牙裔白人参与者的周末平均日照时间减少（β = -0.25；95% CI，-0.46至-0.04），皮肤癌担忧程度轻微增加（β = 0.09；95% CI，0.01-0.18）。与同类人群相比，高风险非西班牙裔白人及西班牙裔参与者均持续表现出更高的皮肤癌患病风险认知（β分别为0.49；95% CI，0.33-0.65和0.42；95% CI，0.17-0.67）。结论：MC1R基因检测使高风险个体形成了持久增强的皮肤癌风险认知，并产生了短期行为改变。尽管高风险参与者在首次随访中表现出轻微焦虑，但皮肤癌相关心理困扰总体处于较低水平。行为改变缺乏持续性的现象提示，在精准预防策略中需要加强干预强化措施以降低癌症风险。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家