Leukemia is a heterogeneous group of hematological malignancies. Despite the enormous progress that has been made in the field of hemato-oncology in recent years, there are still many problems related to, among others, disease recurrence and drug resistance, which is why the search for ideal biomarkers with high clinical utility continues. Research shows that exosomes play a critical role in the biology of leukemia and are associated with the drug resistance, metastasis, and immune status of leukemias. Exosomes with their cargo of non-coding RNAs act as a kind of intermediary in intercellular communication and, at the same time, have the ability to manipulate the cell microenvironment and influence the reaction, proliferative, angiogenic, and migratory properties of cells. Exosomal ncRNAs (in particular, circRNAs and microRNAs) appear to be promising cell-free biomarkers for diagnostic, prognostic, and treatment monitoring of leukemias. This review examines the expression of exosomal ncRNAs in leukemias and their potential regulatory role in leukemia therapy but also in conditions such as disease relapse, drug resistance, metastasis, and immune status. Given the key role of ncRNAs in regulating gene networks and intracellular pathways through their ability to interact with DNA, transcripts, and proteins and identifying their specific target genes, defining potential functions and therapeutic strategies will provide valuable information.
白血病是一组异质性血液系统恶性肿瘤。尽管近年来血液肿瘤学领域取得了巨大进展，但疾病复发和耐药性等相关问题依然存在，因此寻找具有高临床实用价值的理想生物标志物仍是当前研究重点。研究表明，外泌体在白血病生物学中发挥关键作用，并与白血病的耐药性、转移及免疫状态密切相关。携带非编码RNA的外泌体作为细胞间通讯的媒介，同时具有调控细胞微环境的能力，可影响细胞的反应、增殖、血管生成及迁移特性。外泌体非编码RNA（特别是环状RNA和微小RNA）有望成为白血病诊断、预后评估和治疗监测的新型无创生物标志物。本综述系统探讨了外泌体非编码RNA在白血病中的表达特征，及其在白血病治疗以及疾病复发、耐药、转移和免疫状态等病理过程中的潜在调控作用。鉴于非编码RNA通过与DNA、转录本和蛋白质相互作用调控基因网络和细胞内通路的能力，明确其特异性靶基因、潜在功能及治疗策略，将为白血病研究提供重要信息。
Potential Use of Exosomal Non-Coding MicroRNAs in Leukemia Therapy: A Systematic Review
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家