Background/Objectives: Uterine carcinosarcomas (UCSs) are rare and aggressive malignancies with limited epidemiological data. This study aims to evaluate the clinical and pathological features and prognostic factors of UCS in a retrospective cohort of 80 patients, contributing to improved management strategies. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of UCS cases treated from 1995 to 2024 at three institutions. Data on demographics, clinical features, histopathology, treatment, and outcomes were collected. Overall survival (OS) and prognostic factors were assessed using Kaplan–Meier and Cox proportional hazards regression analyses. Results: The median age of patients was 66 years, with a median overall survival of 34.5 months. Disease recurrence occurred in 32.5% of cases, with a median disease-free interval of 17.92 months. Age, tumour stage, and size emerged as significant predictors of survival. Stage I–II patients had a significantly better prognosis than those with Stage III–IV (HR = 0.438,p= 0.008). Tumour size >4 cm was associated with increased mortality (HR = 2.154,p= 0.019). Lymphadenectomy was not independently associated with improved survival. Adjuvant chemotherapy, mainly carboplatin and paclitaxel, was administered to 67.5% of patients, achieving a complete response in 66.67%. Conclusions: Tumour stage and age are significant independent predictors of survival in UCS, underscoring the need for early diagnosis and intervention. Tumour size is also crucial in determining prognosis. The role of lymphadenectomy remains uncertain, emphasizing the importance of individualized treatment approaches. Future research should explore molecular profiling to further refine prognostication and therapeutic strategies for this challenging malignancy.
**背景/目的：** 子宫癌肉瘤是一种罕见且侵袭性强的恶性肿瘤，其流行病学数据有限。本研究旨在通过对80例患者的回顾性队列分析，评估子宫癌肉瘤的临床病理特征及预后因素，以期为改善治疗策略提供依据。 **方法：** 我们对1995年至2024年间三家机构收治的子宫癌肉瘤病例进行了回顾性分析。收集了患者的人口统计学资料、临床特征、组织病理学、治疗方案及预后数据。采用Kaplan-Meier法和Cox比例风险回归模型评估总生存期及预后因素。 **结果：** 患者中位年龄为66岁，中位总生存期为34.5个月。疾病复发率为32.5%，中位无病生存期为17.92个月。年龄、肿瘤分期和大小是生存的显著预测因素。I–II期患者的预后显著优于III–IV期患者（风险比 = 0.438，p = 0.008）。肿瘤大小 > 4 cm与死亡率增加相关（风险比 = 2.154，p = 0.019）。淋巴结清扫术与生存改善无独立相关性。67.5%的患者接受了以卡铂和紫杉醇为主的辅助化疗，其中66.67%的患者达到完全缓解。 **结论：** 肿瘤分期和年龄是子宫癌肉瘤生存的显著独立预测因素，强调了早期诊断和干预的必要性。肿瘤大小对判断预后也至关重要。淋巴结清扫术的作用尚不明确，凸显了个体化治疗方案的重要性。未来研究应探索分子分型，以进一步完善这一难治性恶性肿瘤的预后判断和治疗策略。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家