Sarcomas are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms that develop from bone and soft tissue. Approximately 80% of sarcomas affect soft tissue, with liposarcoma being one of the most common types, accounting for approximately 13–20% of all soft-tissue sarcomas. Per the World Health Organization, liposarcoma can be broadly classified into four different subtypes based on histologic examination: well-differentiated liposarcoma (WDLS)/atypical lipomatous tumors (ALT), dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLS), myxoid liposarcoma (MLS), and pleomorphic liposarcoma (PLS). WDLS/ALT is the most common liposarcoma subtype, accounting for approximately 31–33% of liposarcomas; DDLS accounts for 20%; MLS accounts for 19%; and PLS, the least common subtype, represents 7–8% of liposarcomas. Sarcoma diagnosis is challenging because of its rarity, intrinsic complexity, and diagnostic technological complexity. Sarcomas are misdiagnosed in approximately 30% of cases, leading to delays in diagnosis and access to appropriate therapy and clinical trials. Furthermore, treatment options are limited for those diagnosed with liposarcoma. This review discusses the epidemiology, pathology, and treatment options currently available for liposarcoma.
肉瘤是一组起源于骨骼和软组织的异质性肿瘤。约80%的肉瘤发生于软组织，其中脂肪肉瘤是最常见的类型之一，约占所有软组织肉瘤的13%-20%。根据世界卫生组织分类标准，通过组织学检查可将脂肪肉瘤大致分为四种亚型：高分化脂肪肉瘤/非典型脂肪瘤性肿瘤、去分化脂肪肉瘤、黏液样脂肪肉瘤以及多形性脂肪肉瘤。高分化脂肪肉瘤/非典型脂肪瘤性肿瘤是最常见的亚型，约占脂肪肉瘤总数的31%-33%；去分化脂肪肉瘤占20%；黏液样脂肪肉瘤占19%；而最少见的多形性脂肪肉瘤约占7%-8%。由于肉瘤的罕见性、内在复杂性及诊断技术难度，其临床诊断极具挑战性。约30%的肉瘤病例存在误诊，导致诊断延误并影响患者及时获得规范治疗及参与临床试验。此外，脂肪肉瘤确诊患者的治疗选择也较为有限。本综述将系统阐述脂肪肉瘤的流行病学特征、病理学分类及当前可用的治疗方案。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家