Background/Objectives: Cancer incidence in young adults or those aged 15–49 years old has increased during the past decade. Knowledge about the risk factors for cancer-related deaths in young adults is limited, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods: This analysis was based on the Hanoi Prospective Cohort Study, an ongoing study of 39,401 participants aged 15 or older in Northern Vietnam in the 2007–2019 period. A Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for the association between potential factors and the risk of cancer-related deaths. Results: With a median follow-up of 11.01 years, we identified 164 deaths in young adults out of 554 total deaths. Overall, family history of cancer (HR = 7.34; 95% CI: 3.30–16.36), drinking alcohol (HR = 1.82; 95% CI: 1.18–2.81), and smoking (HR = 2.22; 95% CI: 1.36–3.63) were found to be risk factors, while drinking coffee was found to be a protective factor (HR = 0.49; 95% CI: 0.24–1.00) for cancer-related deaths in young adults. Young male adults were found to be at a higher risk due to excessive cigarette smoking (HR = 1.91; 95% CI: 1.00–3.68) and alcohol consumption (HR = 2.15; 95% CI: 1.32–3.53) than those aged 50 years and older (HR = 1.36 and 95% CI: 0.96–1.93 and 1.27 and 95% CI: 0.97–1.67, respectively). The risk of death from cancer in women compared with men in the young population was twice as high as that in the older population (HR = 1.18 and 95% CI: 0.72–1.94 vs. 0.47 and 95% CI: 0.35–0.63, respectively). Conclusions: Our data suggest that the young Vietnamese population is vulnerable to the risk of cancer-related deaths and that cancer in women will increase rapidly in the future.
背景/目的：过去十年间，15-49岁青年人群的癌症发病率呈上升趋势。目前对青年癌症相关死亡风险因素的认知仍有限，在中低收入国家尤为突出。方法：本研究基于河内前瞻性队列研究数据，该研究持续追踪了2007-2019年间越南北部39,401名15岁及以上参与者。采用Cox比例风险回归模型计算潜在因素与癌症死亡风险之间的风险比及其95%置信区间。结果：在中位随访11.01年期间，554例总死亡病例中青年死亡病例达164例。综合分析显示，家族癌症史、饮酒及吸烟是青年癌症死亡的风险因素，而饮用咖啡则具有保护作用。与50岁及以上人群相比，青年男性因过度吸烟和饮酒导致的癌症死亡风险显著增高。青年女性与男性相比的癌症死亡风险差异，是老年人群对应风险差异的两倍。结论：研究数据表明越南青年群体对癌症相关死亡风险具有较高易感性，且未来女性癌症发病率将呈现快速增长趋势。
Factors Affecting Cancer Mortality in Young Adults: Findings from a Prospective Cohort Study
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家