Background:The Y chromosome (ChrY) is essential for male sex determination and spermatogenesis. However, recent studies have revealed its broader role in various physiological processes and disease susceptibility, including cancer.Methods:A comprehensive literature review was conducted using databases like MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The review included clinical and preclinical studies in animals and humans focusing on the role of LoY in urological tumors. Data on the frequency of LoY, its clinical implications, and underlying mechanisms were extracted and analyzed.Results:The evidence suggests that LoY is associated with an increased risk of urologic neoplasms, potentially serving as an early marker of genomic instability. Studies reveal that LoY in urologic cancers correlates with worse survival outcomes and may contribute to tumor progression. LoY may interfere with chromatin structure and epigenetic regulation, suggesting its role as a contributor to early tumorigenesis.Conclusions: LoY appears to be a structural aberration with unique biological and clinical relevance in urologic cancers, possibly serving as a biomarker for genomic instability. Further research is necessary to identify specific Y-linked genes affected by LoY, potentially informing targeted therapies and early diagnostic strategies for these cancers.
背景：Y染色体对于男性性别决定和精子发生至关重要。然而，近期研究揭示了其在多种生理过程和疾病易感性（包括癌症）中更广泛的作用。 方法：通过MEDLINE、Scopus、Web of Science和Google Scholar等数据库进行全面的文献综述。该综述涵盖了关注Y染色体缺失在泌尿系统肿瘤中作用的动物和人类临床及临床前研究。提取并分析了关于Y染色体缺失频率、其临床意义及潜在机制的数据。 结果：证据表明，Y染色体缺失与泌尿系统肿瘤风险增加相关，可能作为基因组不稳定的早期标志物。研究显示，泌尿系统癌症中的Y染色体缺失与较差的生存结局相关，并可能促进肿瘤进展。Y染色体缺失可能干扰染色质结构和表观遗传调控，提示其在早期肿瘤发生中起到推动作用。 结论：Y染色体缺失似乎是一种在泌尿系统癌症中具有独特生物学和临床意义的结构异常，可能作为基因组不稳定的生物标志物。需要进一步研究以确定受Y染色体缺失影响的特定Y连锁基因，这可能为这些癌症的靶向治疗和早期诊断策略提供信息。
Relationship Between Loss of Y Chromosome and Urologic Cancers: New Future Perspectives
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家