Particle therapy presents a promising alternative to conventional photon therapy for treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the heterogeneous structure of lung tissue leads to the degradation of the Bragg peak and thereby to the degradation of the dose distribution. This review offers a comprehensive overview of the models developed to account for these modulation effects. It summarizes studies focused on determining modulation power as a predictor of this so-called lung modulation. In addition, the review covers early investigations on dose uncertainties caused by lung modulation in CT-based lung phantoms and patient anatomies and discusses future challenges in integrating these solutions into clinical treatment planning routines.
粒子疗法为治疗非小细胞肺癌提供了一种优于传统光子疗法的前景广阔的选择。然而,肺组织的异质性结构会导致布拉格峰退化,进而造成剂量分布劣化。本综述全面概述了为解释这些调制效应而建立的模型,系统总结了聚焦于确定调制功率作为预测此类肺组织调制效应的研究。此外,综述还涵盖了基于CT的肺模体与患者解剖结构中肺组织调制引发剂量不确定性的早期研究,并探讨了将这些解决方案整合到临床治疗规划流程中面临的未来挑战。