Background/Objectives: B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) presents a challenge in hematological malignancies due to its heterogeneity, which impacts treatment outcomes. Stratification based on the DNA index (DNAi) categorizes patients into favorable prognosis (hyperploid), standard prognosis (normoploid), and uncertain or poor prognosis (hypoploid) groups. In this study, we explored whether specific immunophenotypic markers are associated with each DNAi-based group and their potential connection to prognostic categories, aiming to provide new insights that may contribute to a better understanding of prognosis in B-ALL. Methods: In this study, we utilized flow cytometry to analyze immunophenotypic markers and combined this with DNA index (DNAi) measurements to stratify pediatric B-ALL patients into distinct risk categories. Our methodology focused on accurately classifying patients into hyperploid, normoploid, and hypoploid groups based on their DNA content, facilitating a comparative analysis of immunophenotypic characteristics across these groups. Results: Our analysis revealed that hypoploid B-ALL patients displayed a significantly lower percentage of cells in the S phase of the cell cycle compared to normoploid and hyperploid groups. Additionally, distinct immunophenotypic profiles were observed in hypoploid patients, characterized by higher expression levels of HLA-DR and a notable co-expression of CD34 and CD22. Conclusions: This study found that hypoploid B-ALL patients have distinct characteristics, such as lower S-phase cell percentages and specific immunophenotypic profiles, including higher HLA-DR expression and CD34/CD22 co-expression. These differences across DNA index-based prognostic categories warrant further research to explore their potential prognostic significance.
背景/目的：B细胞急性淋巴细胞白血病（B-ALL）因其异质性对治疗结果产生影响，是血液系统恶性肿瘤中的一大挑战。基于DNA指数（DNAi）的分层可将患者分为预后良好（高倍体）、预后标准（正常倍体）以及预后不确定或不良（低倍体）组。本研究旨在探讨特定免疫表型标志物是否与各DNAi分组相关，及其与预后类别间的潜在联系，以期为深入理解B-ALL的预后机制提供新视角。方法：本研究采用流式细胞术分析免疫表型标志物，并结合DNA指数（DNAi）测定，将儿童B-ALL患者划分为不同的风险类别。方法重点在于根据DNA含量将患者准确分为高倍体、正常倍体和低倍体组，进而对这些组间的免疫表型特征进行比较分析。结果：分析显示，与正常倍体和高倍体组相比，低倍体B-ALL患者细胞周期S期细胞比例显著降低。此外，低倍体患者表现出独特的免疫表型特征，包括HLA-DR表达水平升高以及CD34与CD22的显著共表达。结论：本研究发现低倍体B-ALL患者具有独特的生物学特征，如较低的S期细胞比例及特定的免疫表型谱，包括较高的HLA-DR表达和CD34/CD22共表达。这些基于DNA指数的预后类别间的差异值得进一步研究，以探索其潜在的预后意义。
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