Breast cancer remains one of the leading causes of death among women worldwide, and recent research highlights its growing connection to alterations in the microbiota. This review delves into the intricate relationship between microbiotas and breast cancer, exploring its presence in healthy breast tissue, its changes during cancer progression, and its considerable impact on both the tumor microenvironment (TME) and the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). We extensively analyze how the microbiota influences cancer growth, invasion, metastasis, resistance to drugs, and the evasion of the immune system, with a special focus on its effects on the TIME. Furthermore, we investigate distinct microbial profiles associated with the four primary molecular subtypes of breast cancer, examining how the microbiota in tumor tissues compares with that in adjacent normal tissues. Emerging studies suggest that microbiotas could serve as valuable diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, as well as targets for therapy. This review emphasizes the urgent need for further research to improve strategies for breast cancer prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. By offering a detailed examination of the microbiota’s critical role in breast cancer, this review aims to foster the development of novel microbiota-based approaches for managing the disease.
乳腺癌仍是全球女性死亡的主要原因之一，近期研究揭示了其与微生物群改变的日益密切关联。本综述深入探讨了微生物群与乳腺癌之间的复杂关系，包括其在健康乳腺组织中的存在状态、在癌症进展过程中的变化，以及对肿瘤微环境（TME）和肿瘤免疫微环境（TIME）的重要影响。我们系统分析了微生物群如何影响肿瘤生长、侵袭、转移、耐药性及免疫逃逸机制，并特别聚焦于其对肿瘤免疫微环境的作用。此外，我们研究了与乳腺癌四种主要分子亚型相关的特异性微生物谱，比较了肿瘤组织与癌旁正常组织中微生物群的差异。新兴研究表明，微生物群可作为有价值的诊断和预后生物标志物及治疗靶点。本综述强调亟需进一步深入研究以改进乳腺癌的预防、诊断和治疗策略。通过对微生物群在乳腺癌中关键作用的详细剖析，本文旨在推动基于微生物群的新型疾病管理策略的发展。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家