文章：

揭示子宫内膜癌中错配修复蛋白缺陷的异质性：预测性生物标志物与评估挑战

Unraveling the Heterogeneity of Deficiency of Mismatch Repair Proteins in Endometrial Cancer: Predictive Biomarkers and Assessment Challenges

原文发布日期：11 October 2024

DOI: 10.3390/cancers16203452

类型: Article

开放获取: 是

英文摘要：

Endometrial cancer (EC) poses a significant global health challenge, with increasing prevalence in 26 of 43 countries and over 13,000 deaths projected in the United States by 2024. This rise correlates with aging populations, the obesity epidemic, and changing reproductive patterns, including delayed childbearing. Despite the early diagnosis in 67% of cases, approximately 30% of cases present with regional or distant spread, leading to nearly 20% mortality rates. Unlike many cancers, EC mortality rates are escalating, outpacing therapeutic advancements until recently. One of the reasons for this was the lack of effective therapeutic options for advanced disease until recently. The introduction of immunotherapy has marked a turning point in EC treatment, particularly benefiting patients with defects in mismatch repair proteins (dMMRs). However, dMMR status alone does not ensure a favorable response, underscoring the need for precise patient selection. This review explores the pivotal role of mismatch repair proteins in EC, emphasizing their heterogeneity, the challenges in their assessment, and their potential as predictive biomarkers.

摘要翻译： 

子宫内膜癌（EC）已成为全球重大健康挑战，其在43个国家中的26个国家发病率持续上升，预计到2024年将导致美国超过13,000例死亡。这一增长与人口老龄化、肥胖症流行以及生育模式改变（包括延迟生育）密切相关。尽管67%的病例可获得早期诊断，但约30%的患者在确诊时已出现区域性或远处转移，导致死亡率接近20%。与多数癌症不同，子宫内膜癌死亡率持续攀升，其增速直至近期仍超过治疗进展速度。造成这一现象的原因之一是长期以来晚期疾病缺乏有效治疗方案。免疫疗法的引入标志着子宫内膜癌治疗的转折点，尤其使错配修复蛋白缺陷（dMMR）患者获益。然而，仅凭dMMR状态并不能确保良好疗效，这凸显了精准患者分选的必要性。本综述探讨错配修复蛋白在子宫内膜癌中的关键作用，重点分析其异质性特征、临床检测面临的挑战，以及其作为预测性生物标志物的潜力。

原文链接：

Unraveling the Heterogeneity of Deficiency of Mismatch Repair Proteins in Endometrial Cancer: Predictive Biomarkers and Assessment Challenges