Brachytherapy offers a highly conformal and adaptive approach to radiation therapy for various oncologic conditions. This review explores the rationale, applications, technological advances, and future directions of personalized brachytherapy. Integration of advanced imaging techniques, 3D-printed applicators, and artificial intelligence are rapidly enhancing brachytherapy delivery and efficiency, while genomic tests and molecular biomarkers are refining patient and dose selection. Emerging research on combining brachytherapy with immunotherapy offers unique synergistic potential, and technologies such as intensity-modulated and shielded brachytherapy applicators present novel opportunities to further optimize dose distributions. Despite these promising advances, the field faces challenges including a need to train more practitioners and develop new approaches to treating a broader range of malignancies. As personalized medicine evolves, brachytherapy’s ability to deliver highly targeted, individualized treatments positions it as a critical component in future cancer care.
近距离放射治疗为多种肿瘤疾病提供了一种高度适形且可调适的放疗方案。本文综述了个体化近距离放射治疗的理论基础、临床应用、技术进展及未来发展方向。先进影像技术、3D打印施源器与人工智能的融合正快速提升近距离治疗的施照精度与效率，而基因组检测与分子生物标志物则进一步完善了患者筛选与剂量选择策略。近距离治疗与免疫疗法相结合的创新研究展现出独特的协同潜力，调强施源器与屏蔽施源器等新技术为剂量分布的进一步优化提供了新途径。尽管前景广阔，该领域仍面临诸多挑战，包括需要培养更多专业医师以及开发治疗更广泛恶性肿瘤的新方法。随着个体化医疗的发展，近距离放射治疗凭借其精准靶向与个体化施照的优势，将成为未来癌症治疗体系的重要组成部分。
Personalized Brachytherapy: Applications and Future Directions
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家