文章：

推进胆管癌治疗：T细胞疗法的洞见与创新

Advancing Cholangiocarcinoma Care: Insights and Innovations in T Cell Therapy

原文发布日期：23 September 2024

DOI: 10.3390/cancers16183232

类型: Article

开放获取: 是

英文摘要：

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a rare and aggressive malignancy originating from the bile ducts, with poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Traditional therapies, such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation, have shown limited efficacy, especially in advanced cases. Recent advancements in immunotherapy, particularly T cell-based therapies like chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR T) cells, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), and T cell receptor (TCR)-based therapies, have opened new avenues for improving outcomes in CCA. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of T cell therapies for CCA, focusing on CAR T cell therapy. It highlights key challenges, including the complex tumor microenvironment and immune evasion mechanisms, and the progress made in preclinical and clinical trials. The review also discusses ongoing clinical trials targeting specific CCA antigens, such as MUC1, EGFR, and CD133, and the evolving role of precision immunotherapy in enhancing treatment outcomes. Despite significant progress, further research is needed to optimize these therapies for solid tumors like CCA. By summarizing the most recent clinical results and future directions, this review underscores the promising potential of T cell therapies in revolutionizing CCA treatment.

摘要翻译： 

胆管癌（CCA）是一种起源于胆管的罕见且侵袭性强的恶性肿瘤，预后较差且治疗选择有限。传统疗法如手术、化疗和放疗效果有限，尤其在晚期病例中更为明显。近年来免疫治疗领域的进展，特别是基于T细胞的疗法，如嵌合抗原受体T（CAR T）细胞、肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞（TILs）以及基于T细胞受体（TCR）的疗法，为改善胆管癌的治疗效果开辟了新途径。本文综述了当前针对胆管癌的T细胞疗法现状，重点关注CAR T细胞疗法，并探讨了关键挑战，包括复杂的肿瘤微环境和免疫逃逸机制，以及临床前和临床试验中取得的进展。文章还讨论了针对特定胆管癌抗原（如MUC1、EGFR和CD133）的临床试验进展，以及精准免疫治疗在提升治疗效果中的演变作用。尽管已取得显著进展，但仍需进一步研究以优化针对胆管癌等实体瘤的T细胞疗法。通过总结最新的临床成果和未来方向，本文强调了T细胞疗法在革新胆管癌治疗中的广阔前景。

原文链接：

Advancing Cholangiocarcinoma Care: Insights and Innovations in T Cell Therapy