Prostate cancer is the most common non-cutaneous malignancy in men, with the majority of newly diagnosed patients eligible for active surveillance. Despite definitive treatment, a considerable percentage of men will experience biochemical recurrence and even regional and distant metastatic recurrence after radiation therapy or radical prostatectomy. Salvage prostatectomy, while oncologically effective, poses significant morbidity with poor functional outcomes. Salvage cryotherapy has emerged as a promising alternative for localized recurrence, demonstrating safety and efficacy. This review examines the oncologic and functional outcomes of whole-gland and focal salvage cryotherapy, including disease-free survival, cancer-specific survival, and overall survival. The crucial role of multiparametric prostate MRI and evolving role of next-generation PSMA-targeted PET imaging are also examined. The comparison of outcomes of cryotherapy to other salvage ablation modalities, such as high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), is also explored.
前列腺癌是男性最常见的非皮肤恶性肿瘤，多数新确诊患者符合主动监测条件。尽管接受根治性治疗，仍有相当比例患者在放疗或根治性前列腺切除术后出现生化复发，甚至发生区域性和远处转移性复发。挽救性前列腺切除术虽具有肿瘤学疗效，但会引发显著并发症且功能预后较差。挽救性冷冻疗法已成为局部复发的有前景替代方案，其安全性与有效性已得到证实。本综述系统分析了全腺体与局灶性挽救性冷冻疗法的肿瘤学及功能预后，包括无病生存期、癌症特异性生存期和总生存期。同时探讨了多参数前列腺磁共振成像的关键作用，以及新一代PSMA靶向PET成像技术日益重要的临床价值，并对冷冻疗法与其他挽救性消融方式（如高强度聚焦超声）的疗效进行了比较分析。
The Role of Whole-Gland and Focal Cryotherapy in Recurrent Prostate Cancer
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家