Polyphenols are natural compounds found in many plants and their products. Their high structural diversity bestows upon them a range of anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, proapoptotic, anti-angiogenic, and anti-metastatic properties, and a growing body of research indicates that a polyphenol-rich diet can inhibit cancer development in humans. Polyphenolic compounds may modulate the expression, secretion, or activity of compounds that play a significant role in carcinogenesis, including type IV collagenases, such as matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), by suppressing cellular signaling pathways such as nuclear factor-kappa B. These enzymes are responsible for the degradation of the extracellular matrix, thus promoting the progression of cancer. This review discusses the current state of knowledge concerning the anti-cancer activity of polyphenols, particularly curcumin, resveratrol, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, genistein, and quercetin, with a specific focus on their anti-invasive and anti-metastatic potential, based on the most recent in vitro and in vivo studies. It appears that polyphenols may be valuable options for the chemoprevention and treatment of cancer via the inhibition of MMP-2 and MMP-9 and the suppression of signaling pathways regulating their expression and activity.
多酚是存在于多种植物及其产物中的天然化合物。其结构的高度多样性赋予其一系列抗炎、抗氧化、促凋亡、抗血管生成和抗转移特性。越来越多的研究表明，富含多酚的饮食能够抑制人类癌症的发生。多酚类化合物可能通过抑制核因子κB等细胞信号通路，调节在致癌过程中起关键作用的IV型胶原酶（如基质金属蛋白酶-2和基质金属蛋白酶-9）的表达、分泌或活性。这些酶负责降解细胞外基质，从而促进癌症进展。本综述基于最新的体外和体内研究，探讨了多酚（特别是姜黄素、白藜芦醇、表没食子儿茶素-3-没食子酸酯、染料木黄酮和槲皮素）抗癌活性的研究现状，重点关注其抗侵袭和抗转移潜力。研究表明，多酚通过抑制基质金属蛋白酶-2和基质金属蛋白酶-9，以及调控其表达和活性的信号通路，可能成为癌症化学预防和治疗的重要选择。
Cancer Prevention and Treatment with Polyphenols: Type IV Collagenase-Mediated Mechanisms
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家