(1) Background: The incidence rate of early onset-cancer (<50) has increased since 1995. Among younger people, cancers in AYAs (aged 15–39 y) are often biologically distinct tumors from those treated in the pediatric and older adult population. The current study describes trends in the United States for the most recent years including the first year of the COVID-19 epidemic. We aimed to describe the recent incidence and mortality trends of cancers in AYAs (aged 15–39 y). (2) Methods: We used data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER 22) from 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2021. Age-adjusted incidence and mortality rates were assessed by SEER*Stat 8.4.3 for major cancer types by sex, race/ethnicity, age, and metropolitan/nonmetropolitan status. Time trends of age-adjusted incidence and mortality rates were examined by sex and metropolitan/nonmetropolitan status. (3) Results: Age-adjusted overall cancer incidence and mortality rates were stable during this study period. The age-adjusted incidence rates declined significantly for ependymoma, melanoma, carcinomas of lung, bronchus, and trachea, unspecified malignant neoplasms, and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Significant increases were found for gastrointestinal tract cancers and non-Kaposi sarcomas. The age-adjusted mortality rate decreased for acute myeloid leukemia, melanoma, carcinomas of liver and intrahepatic bile ducts, kidney and, in women, leukemia. For some cancers, rates differed by sex, race, ethnicity, and geography. Monitoring the rates and time trends of AYA cancer emphasizes the distinct health concern for this age group.
（1）背景：自1995年以来，早发性癌症（<50岁）的发病率呈上升趋势。在年轻人群中，青少年和年轻成人（15-39岁）所患癌症在生物学特征上常与儿童及老年人群的肿瘤存在差异。本研究描述了美国近年来的癌症趋势，包括新冠疫情暴发首年的数据。我们旨在阐明青少年和年轻成人（15-39岁）癌症的最新发病率和死亡率趋势。（2）方法：我们使用美国监测、流行病学和最终结果数据库（SEER 22）2016年1月1日至2021年12月31日的数据。通过SEER*Stat 8.4.3软件，按性别、种族/民族、年龄及都市/非都市区域对主要癌症类型的年龄调整发病率和死亡率进行评估。同时按性别和都市/非都市区域分析了年龄调整发病率与死亡率的时间趋势。（3）结果：研究期间年龄调整总体癌症发病率与死亡率保持稳定。室管膜瘤、黑色素瘤、肺/支气管/气管癌、未特指恶性肿瘤及非霍奇金淋巴瘤的年龄调整发病率显著下降；胃肠道癌症和非卡波西肉瘤的发病率显著上升。急性髓系白血病、黑色素瘤、肝及肝内胆管癌、肾癌以及女性白血病的年龄调整死亡率有所下降。部分癌症的发病率与死亡率存在性别、种族、民族及地域差异。监测青少年和年轻成人癌症的发生率与时间趋势，有助于凸显该年龄段人群特有的健康问题。
Trends in Cancer Incidence and Mortality in US Adolescents and Young Adults, 2016–2021
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家