Renal cancer is a common and serious malignant tumor of the urinary system. While surgery effectively treats early-stage renal cancer, advanced cases pose a significant challenge due to poor treatment outcomes and chemotherapy resistance. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop alternative therapeutic strategies. Ferroptosis is a newly defined form of programmed cell death characterized by the accumulation of iron-dependent lipid peroxides, which plays a critical role in tumor progression and drug resistance. Recent studies have shown that ferroptosis is involved in the occurrence and development of renal cancer, and ferroptosis-related genes can induce cell apoptosis and can be used as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of renal cancer and participate in drug resistance of renal cancer chemotherapy. With the continuous improvement of the mechanism of ferroptosis, drugs targeting ferroptosis for the treatment of renal cancer are emerging in an endless stream. Based on the theoretical basis of the occurrence of ferroptosis, this paper reviewed drug-induced ferroptosis in renal cancer cells from the aspects of herbal medicine, natural compounds, drug resistance mechanisms, and nanomaterials, and delves into the clinical application potential of ferroptosis-related drugs in the treatment of renal cancer.
肾癌是泌尿系统常见且严重的恶性肿瘤。手术虽能有效治疗早期肾癌，但晚期病例因治疗效果不佳及化疗耐药性而构成重大挑战。因此，亟需开发替代性治疗策略。铁死亡是一种新定义的程序性细胞死亡形式，其特征是铁依赖性脂质过氧化物的积累，在肿瘤进展和耐药性中起关键作用。近期研究表明，铁死亡参与肾癌的发生发展，铁死亡相关基因可诱导细胞凋亡，并可作为肾癌早期诊断的潜在生物标志物，同时参与肾癌化疗的耐药过程。随着铁死亡机制的不断完善，靶向铁死亡治疗肾癌的药物层出不穷。本文基于铁死亡发生的理论基础，从中草药、天然化合物、耐药机制及纳米材料等方面综述了药物诱导肾癌细胞铁死亡的研究进展，并深入探讨了铁死亡相关药物在肾癌治疗中的临床应用潜力。
Ferroptosis in Renal Cancer Therapy: A Narrative Review of Drug Candidates
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家