Cancer-specific antigens have been a significant area of focus in cancer treatment since their discovery in the mid-twentieth century. Cancer germline antigens are a class of antigens specifically overexpressed in germline tissues and cancer cells. Among these, TSGA10 (testis-specific gene antigen 10) is of great interest because of its crucial impact on cancer progression. Early studies exploredTSGA10expression in a variety of cancer types. More recent studies revealed that TSGA10 can suppress tumor progression by blocking cancer cell metabolism, angiogenesis, and metastasis. An open question regarding the TSGA10 is why cancer cells must express a protein that prevents their progression. To answer this question, we conducted a comprehensive review to engage the TSGA10 in the context of the current understanding of “malignant transformation”. This review demonstrated that TSGA10 expression level in cancer cells depends on the cancer stage across malignant transformation. In addition, we evaluated how TSGA10 expression can prevent the “cancer hallmarks”. Given this information, TSGA10 can be of great interest in developing effective targeted anti-cancer therapies.
自二十世纪中期被发现以来，癌症特异性抗原一直是癌症治疗领域的重要研究方向。癌症生殖系抗原是一类在生殖系组织和癌细胞中特异性高表达的抗原。其中，TSGA10（睾丸特异性基因抗原10）因其对癌症进展的关键影响而备受关注。早期研究探索了TSGA10在多种癌症类型中的表达情况。近期研究进一步揭示，TSGA10可通过阻断癌细胞代谢、血管生成和转移来抑制肿瘤进展。关于TSGA10的一个悬而未决的问题是：为何癌细胞必须表达一种阻碍其进展的蛋白质？为解答这一问题，我们结合当前对"恶性转化"的理解，对TSGA10进行了系统性综述。本综述表明，癌细胞中TSGA10的表达水平取决于恶性转化过程中的癌症发展阶段。此外，我们评估了TSGA10表达如何阻止"癌症标志性特征"。基于这些发现，TSGA10在开发有效的靶向抗癌疗法方面具有重要研究价值。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家